Regular expression (regex / regexp) replace function

[ohads-MSFT]

Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.
replace is useful, but sometimes simple string replacements aren't enough and one needs regular expressions replacements.

Describe the solution you'd like
A function like replaceRegex with a signature similar to what we have in .NET: public static string Replace(string input, string pattern, string replacement, System.Text.RegularExpressions.RegexOptions options)
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.text.regularexpressions.regex.replace?view=net-9.0#system-text-regularexpressions-regex-replace(system-string-system-string-system-string-system-text-regularexpressions-regexoptions

It can also help with multiple replacements as requested here: #5703

[jeskew]

Like with #8409, adding any function that acts on a user-supplied regular expression is likely blocked on the backend migrating to .NET 7+ since the non-backtracking engine was not backported to .NET standard.