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What is Docker, the idea?

  • Docker Inc makes many tools to build, deploy, and run containers.

  • They invented the modern way to run "containers". (previously jails, chroot, zones, etc.)

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  • Their original 2013 ideas are now an industry standard called OCI.

  • Those standards are now used by hundreds of tools in the Cloud Native computing.

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  • The three innovations are:

    • Combine your app and all its dependencies in a container image
    • Move that image around with registries
    • Run that image anywhere in a container

  • I wrote a big article around this with lots of details. Bookmark for later!

What is Docker Inc., the company?

  • Docker Inc was quicly formed after Docker the tool/project was created in 2013.

  • Previously, Docker Inc. focused on Dev and Ops tooling (2013-2019).

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  • In 2019 they sold 2/3rd of company and Enterprise-focused software to Mirantis.

  • Now they are (finally) successful focusing on Dev tooling.

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  • Docker Subscription includes:

    • Docker Desktop for macOS, Windows, Linux desktops
    • Docker Hub image storage
    • Image security scans
    • Automated image builds

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  • We're only using Docker open source today!

  • Their Hub & Docker Desktop are totally free while learning and for personal use.

What is docker the tool?

  • "Installing Docker" really means "Installing the Docker Engine and CLI".

  • The Docker Engine is a daemon (a service running in the background).

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  • This daemon manages containers, the same way that a hypervisor manages VMs.

  • We interact with the Docker Engine by using the Docker CLI.

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  • The Docker CLI and the Docker Engine communicate through an API.

  • There are many other programs and client libraries which use that API.

Didn't Kubernetes replace Docker?

  • This is a common misconception.

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  • Docker only controls many containers on a single server.

  • Kubernetes (K8s) was invented to control Docker across many servers.

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  • Kubernetes doesn't run containers itself, it only controls a runtime.

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  • For years, Docker (dockerd) was the most popular container runtime.

  • Then Docker Inc. created containerd as a lightweight runtime for servers.

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  • Today dockerd and containerd are most of runtime market. Others include CRI-O and Podman (Red Hat).

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  • dockerd or podman = best for humans locally. containerd or cri-o = best for K8s.

Did you know Docker has its own Orchestration?