[DOC]: Add a table which correlates the various CCCL library versions to CUDA toolkit versions

[MatthiasKohl]

Is this a duplicate?

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Is this for new documentation, or an update to existing docs?

New

Describe the incorrect/future/missing documentation

Since all CCCL libraries are packaged within CUDA, it would be good to know which versions correspond to which CUDA toolkit version, especially for older versions since some projects still have a minimum of CUDA 11.5 or 11.8 that they support for example.
Right now, for libcu++, it's possible to see this a little bit from the release page, e.g. https://github.com/NVIDIA/libcudacxx/releases but it requires to go to the old repos and that list is incomplete as well. It's also sometimes possible to see it in the docs which describe which APIs are available at what version (and corresponding CUDA version), but it would require looking through all kinds of docs to get the simple answer.
So ideally, it would be great to add such a table on the main repo or within the public docs of libcu++ and potentially the other libraries where applicable.

If this is a correction, please provide a link to the incorrect documentation. If this is a new documentation request, please link to where you have looked.

No response

[jrhemstad]

I could have sworn I'd already done this when I revamped the README a while back, but turns out I just wrote the TODO 😅

https://github.com/NVIDIA/cccl?tab=readme-ov-file#mapping-to-ctk-versions

I'll try to get around to this next time I'm updating the docs.