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HowItsMade.md

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We built this immersive game starting with the smart contract 'app.cairo,' which lays down the rules and mechanics for the game within PixeLAW's ecosystem. The players interact with the game using simple grid selections that translate their moves into state changes in the contract. Our ML bot was initially trained on a conventional ML setup and was meticulously transpiled into Cairo with Giza. This innovative process allows it to run inference entirely on-chain for responsive gameplay.

The development of the ML model followed these steps:

  1. A simple TensorFlow neural network model was trained using a TicTacToe Jupyter notebook template provided by Gizatech.
  2. This TensorFlow model was then converted into an ONNX file.
  3. Giza-cli transpiled the ONNX file into a neural network within the Orion framework, which supports ML functionalities in Cairo. Each neural network layer and bias is represented as different contracts executing matrix operations. The sequential combination of these operations mirrors the output generated by the Python model. The AI Bot uses this output to determine the best next move.
  4. Dojo game logic calls the ML inference code to generate the AI's move.

The TicTacToe game is rooted in the PixeLAW world by registering the game with personalized game dynamics and iconography. Using Dojo, we set up the world contract to keep track of the ongoing game states between players and the ML bot. Actions such as initiating a game, player's moves, and the bot's responses leverage Dojo's world dispatcher to maintain consistency and enforce game rules within the contracts.

The React frontend delivers an engaging experience for the users by letting them interact with the game's user interface in their web browsers. Our contract ensures that moves are legal and executed in turns, maintaining the integrity of the game's progression and outcomes. Handling an ML bot on-chain required overcoming the computational and gas limitations of smart contracts. We achieved a balance between complexity and performance, ensuring the game remains fast and cost-effective for the players. Overall, our game showcases the practicality of integrating machine learning into smart contracts and offers a fun, interactive way for the community to engage with blockchain technology.

We deployed our game contracts to Madara, a Starknet sequencer that enhances performance and scalability using the Substrate framework and Rust. Madara supports Starknet-based Validity Rollup chains to bundle multiple transactions into a single proof, reducing gas fees. It enables smart contract execution through the Cairo VM and offers developers autonomy in choosing data, account, and consensus solutions. This deployment aligns with StarkWare's fractal scaling vision and paves the way for rapid Starknet app chain development and aiming for future L2 settlement functionality.