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<section id="dimensions">
<span id="id1"></span><h1>Dimensions<a class="headerlink" href="#dimensions" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h1>
<p>All point data in PDAL is stored as a set of dimensions. Dimensions
have a name and a data type. The data type is determined at runtime, but
a default data type for each dimension is listed below, along with the name
of the dimension and its description.</p>
<p>The following table provides a list of known dimension names you can use in
<a class="reference internal" href="stages/filters.html#filters"><span class="std std-ref">Filters</span></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="stages/writers.html#writers"><span class="std std-ref">Writers</span></a>, and <a class="reference internal" href="stages/readers.html#readers"><span class="std std-ref">Readers</span></a>.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>Types are default types. Stage developers should set the dimension type
explicitly if the default dimension isn’t suitable.</p>
</div>
<table class="docutils align-default">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 18.2%" />
<col style="width: 9.1%" />
<col style="width: 72.7%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>Name</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>Type</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>Description</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Alpha</p></td>
<td><p>uint16</p></td>
<td><p>Alpha</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Amplitude</p></td>
<td><p>float</p></td>
<td><p>This is the ratio of the received power to the power received at the detection limit expressed in dB</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Anisotropy</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Anisotropy of a point; larger values indicate strong variance in multiple dimensions.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Azimuth</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Scanner azimuth</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>BackgroundRadiation</p></td>
<td><p>float</p></td>
<td><p>A measure of background radiation.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>BeamDirectionX</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Beam direction unit vector X coordinate</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>BeamDirectionY</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Beam direction unit vector Y coordinate</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>BeamDirectionZ</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Beam direction unit vector Z coordinate</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>BeamOriginX</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Beam origin X coordinate of current laser shot</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>BeamOriginY</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Beam origin Y coordinate of current laser shot</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>BeamOriginZ</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Beam origin Z coordinate of current laser shot</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Blue</p></td>
<td><p>uint16</p></td>
<td><p>Blue image channel value</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>ClassFlags</p></td>
<td><p>uint8</p></td>
<td><p>Class Flags</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Classification</p></td>
<td><p>uint8</p></td>
<td><p>ASPRS classification. 0 for no classification. See LAS specification for details.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>ClusterID</p></td>
<td><p>int64_t</p></td>
<td><p>ID assigned to a point by a point-clustering algorithm.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Coplanar</p></td>
<td><p>uint8</p></td>
<td><p>Indicator of whether or not a point is part of a coplanar neighborhood.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Curvature</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Curvature of surface at this point</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>DemantkeVerticality</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Verticality of a point; larger values indicate vertical structure (Demantke’s variation).</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Density</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Estimate of point density</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Deviation</p></td>
<td><p>float</p></td>
<td><p>Difference between the shape of the reference pulse and the return pulse. A larger value for deviation indicates larger distortion.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>DownPositionRMS</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Down position RMS error</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>DownVelocityRMS</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Down velocity RMS error</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>EastPositionRMS</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>East position RMS error</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>EastVelocityRMS</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>East velocity RMS error</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>EchoRange</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Echo Range</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>EdgeOfFlightLine</p></td>
<td><p>uint8</p></td>
<td><p>Indicates the end of scanline before a direction change with a value of 1 - 0 otherwise</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Eigenentropy</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Eigenentropy of a point; small values indicate more ordered regions, while large values indicate disorder.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Eigenvalue0</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Smallest eigenvalue obtained form covariance of XYZ coordinates in k-neighborhood.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Eigenvalue1</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Middle eigenvalue obtained form covariance of XYZ coordinates in k-neighborhood.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Eigenvalue2</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Largest eigenvalue obtained form covariance of XYZ coordinates in k-neighborhood.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>EigenvalueSum</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Sum of computed eigenvalues.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>ElevationCentroid</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Elevation Centroid</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>ElevationHigh</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Elevation High</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>ElevationLow</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Elevation Low</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Flag</p></td>
<td><p>uint8</p></td>
<td><p>Flag</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>GpsTime</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>GPS time that the point was acquired</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Green</p></td>
<td><p>uint16</p></td>
<td><p>Green image channel value</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>HeadingRMS</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Heading RMS error</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>HeightAboveGround</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Height Above Ground</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Infrared</p></td>
<td><p>uint16</p></td>
<td><p>Infrared</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Intensity</p></td>
<td><p>uint16</p></td>
<td><p>Representation of the pulse return magnitude</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>InternalTime</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Scanner’s internal time when the point was acquired, in seconds</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>IsPpsLocked</p></td>
<td><p>uint8</p></td>
<td><p>The external PPS signal was found to be synchronized at the time of the current laser shot.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>LatitudeCentroid</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Latitude Centroid</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>LatitudeHigh</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Latitude High</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>LatitudeLow</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Latitude Low</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Linearity</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Linearity of a point; larger values indicate more linear regions.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>LocalOutlierFactor</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Outlier factor based on the LocalReachabilityDistance of a point’s nearest neighbors.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>LocalReachabilityDistance</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Reachability metric based on the NNDistance of a point’s nearest neighbors.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>LongitudeCentroid</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Longitude Centroid</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>LongitudeHigh</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Longitude High</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>LongitudeLow</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Longitude Low</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>LvisLfid</p></td>
<td><p>uint64</p></td>
<td><p>LVIS_LFID</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Mark</p></td>
<td><p>uint8</p></td>
<td><p>Mark</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Miniball</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Metric capturing distance from a point to the center of the smallest enclosing ball encapsulating k-nearest neighbors, scaled by radius of the ball.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>NNDistance</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Distance metric related to a point’s nearest neighbors.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>NormalX</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>X component of a vector normal to surface at this point</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>NormalY</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Y component of a vector normal to surface at this point</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>NormalZ</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Z component of a vector normal to surface at this point</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>NorthPositionRMS</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>North position RMS error</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>NorthVelocityRMS</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>North velocity RMS error</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>NumberOfReturns</p></td>
<td><p>uint8</p></td>
<td><p>Total number of returns for a given pulse.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>OffsetTime</p></td>
<td><p>uint32</p></td>
<td><p>Milliseconds from first acquired point</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Omit</p></td>
<td><p>uint8_t</p></td>
<td><p>Used to shallowly mark a point as being omitted without removing it</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Omnivariance</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Omnivariance of a point; cube root of the product of all eigenvalues.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>OptimalKNN</p></td>
<td><p>uint64</p></td>
<td><p>Optimal number of k nearest neighbors, such that eigenentropy is minimized.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>OptimalRadius</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Radius corresponding to optimal k nearest neighbors, such that eigenentropy is minimized.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>OriginId</p></td>
<td><p>uint32</p></td>
<td><p>A file source ID from which the point originated. This ID is global to a derivative dataset which may be aggregated from multiple files.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>PassiveSignal</p></td>
<td><p>int32</p></td>
<td><p>Relative passive signal</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>PassiveX</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Passive X footprint</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>PassiveY</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Passive Y footprint</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>PassiveZ</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Passive Z footprint</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Pdop</p></td>
<td><p>float</p></td>
<td><p>GPS PDOP (dilution of precision)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Pitch</p></td>
<td><p>float</p></td>
<td><p>Pitch in degrees</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>PitchRMS</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Pitch RMS error</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Planarity</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Planarity of a point; larger values indicate more planar regions.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>PlaneFit</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Metric capturing current point’s point to plane distance compared to those in the same k-neighborhood used to estimate the plane.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>PointId</p></td>
<td><p>uint32</p></td>
<td><p>An explicit representation of point ordering within a file, which allows this usually-implicit information to be preserved when reordering points.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>PointSourceId</p></td>
<td><p>uint16</p></td>
<td><p>File source ID from which the point originated. Zero indicates that the point originated in the current file</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>PulseWidth</p></td>
<td><p>float</p></td>
<td><p>Laser received pulse width (digitizer samples)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>RadialDensity</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Estimate of radial point density</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Rank</p></td>
<td><p>uint8</p></td>
<td><p>Estimated rank of neighborhood of points.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Reciprocity</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Metric capturing percentage of k-nearest neighbors that also contain the current point in their k-neighborhood.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Red</p></td>
<td><p>uint16</p></td>
<td><p>Red image channel value</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Reflectance</p></td>
<td><p>float</p></td>
<td><p>Ratio of the received power to the power that would be received from a white diffuse target at the same distance expressed in dB. The reflectance represents a range independent property of the target. The surface normal of this target is assumed to be in parallel to the laser beam direction.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>ReflectedPulse</p></td>
<td><p>int32</p></td>
<td><p>Relative reflected pulse signal strength</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>ReturnNumber</p></td>
<td><p>uint8</p></td>
<td><p>Pulse return number for a given output pulse. A given output laser pulse can have many returns, and they must be marked in order, starting with 1</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Roll</p></td>
<td><p>float</p></td>
<td><p>Roll in degrees</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>RollRMS</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Roll RMS error</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>ScanAngleRank</p></td>
<td><p>float</p></td>
<td><p>Angle degree at which the laser point was output from the system, including the roll of the aircraft. The scan angle is based on being nadir, and -90 the left side of the aircraft in the direction of flight</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>ScanChannel</p></td>
<td><p>uint8</p></td>
<td><p>Scan Channel</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>ScanDirectionFlag</p></td>
<td><p>uint8</p></td>
<td><p>Direction at which the scanner mirror was traveling at the time of the output pulse. A value of 1 is a positive scan direction, and a bit value of 0 is a negative scan direction, where positive scan direction is a scan moving from the left side of the in-track direction to the right side and negative the opposite</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Scattering</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Scattering of a point; larger values incidate complex (scattered) 3D regions.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>ShotNumber</p></td>
<td><p>uint64</p></td>
<td><p>Shot Number</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>StartPulse</p></td>
<td><p>int32</p></td>
<td><p>Relative pulse signal strength</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>SurfaceVariation</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Surface variation of a point; larger values indicate higher surface variation.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>TextureU</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>U component of a texture location at this point</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>TextureV</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>V component of a texture location at this point</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>TextureW</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>W component of a texture location at this point</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>UserData</p></td>
<td><p>uint8</p></td>
<td><p>Unspecified user data</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>Verticality</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Verticality of a point; larger values indicate vertical structure.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>W</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>W coordinate</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>WanderAngle</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Wander Angle</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>X</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>X coordinate</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>XBodyAccel</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>X Body Acceleration</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>XBodyAngRate</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>X Body Angle Rate</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>XVelocity</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>X Velocity</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Y</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Y coordinate</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>YBodyAccel</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Y Body Acceleration</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>YBodyAngRate</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Y Body Angle Rate</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>YVelocity</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Y Velocity</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Z</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Z coordinate</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>ZBodyAccel</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Z Body Acceleration</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>ZBodyAngRate</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Z Body Angle Rate</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>ZVelocity</p></td>
<td><p>double</p></td>
<td><p>Z Velocity</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</section>
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