ddim.c

/* Copyright 2018 University Corporation for Atmospheric
   Research/Unidata. See COPYRIGHT file for more info. */
/**
   @file

   The functions in this file define, inquire about, and rename
   dimensions.
*/

#include "ncdispatch.h"

/**
   @defgroup dimensions Dimensions

   Dimensions are used to define the shape of data in netCDF.

   Dimensions for a netCDF dataset are defined when it is created,
   while the netCDF dataset is in define mode. Additional dimensions
   may be added later by reentering define mode. A netCDF dimension
   has a name and a length. In a netCDF classic or 64-bit offset file,
   at most one dimension can have the unlimited length, which means
   variables using this dimension can grow along this dimension. In a
   netCDF-4 file multiple unlimited dimensions are supported.

   There is a suggested limit (1024) to the number of dimensions that
   can be defined in a single netCDF dataset. The limit is the value
   of the predefined macro ::NC_MAX_DIMS. The purpose of the limit is
   to make writing generic applications simpler. They need only
   provide an array of ::NC_MAX_DIMS dimensions to handle any netCDF
   dataset. The implementation of the netCDF library does not enforce
   this advisory maximum, so it is possible to use more dimensions, if
   necessary, but netCDF utilities that assume the advisory maximums
   may not be able to handle the resulting netCDF datasets.

   ::NC_MAX_VAR_DIMS, which must not exceed ::NC_MAX_DIMS, is the
   maximum number of dimensions that can be used to specify the shape
   of a single variable. It is also intended to simplify writing
   generic applications.

   Ordinarily, the name and length of a dimension are fixed when the
   dimension is first defined. The name may be changed later, but the
   length of a dimension (other than the unlimited dimension) cannot
   be changed without copying all the data to a new netCDF dataset
   with a redefined dimension length.

   Dimension lengths in the C interface are type size_t rather than
   type int to make it possible to access all the data in a netCDF
   dataset on a platform that only supports a 16-bit int data type,
   for example MSDOS. If dimension lengths were type int instead, it
   would not be possible to access data from variables with a
   dimension length greater than a 16-bit int can accommodate.

   A netCDF dimension in an open netCDF dataset is referred to by a
   small integer called a dimension ID. In the C interface, dimension
   IDs are 0, 1, 2, ..., in the order in which the dimensions were
   defined.

   Operations supported on dimensions are:
   - Create a dimension, given its name and length.
   - Get a dimension ID from its name.
   - Get a dimension's name and length from its ID.
   - Rename a dimension.
*/

/** @{ */

/**
   Define a new dimension. The function nc_def_dim() adds a new
   dimension to an open netCDF dataset in define mode. It returns (as an
   argument) a dimension ID, given the netCDF ID, the dimension name, and
   the dimension length. At most one unlimited length dimension, called
   the record dimension, may be defined for each classic or 64-bit offset
   netCDF dataset. NetCDF-4 datasets may have multiple unlimited
   dimensions.

   @param ncid NetCDF or group ID, from a previous call to nc_open(),
   nc_create(), nc_def_grp(), or associated inquiry functions such as
   nc_inq_ncid().
   @param name Name of the dimension to be created.
   @param len Length of the dimension to be created. Use NC_UNLIMITED for
   unlimited dimensions.
   @param idp Pointer where dimension ID will be stored.

   @return ::NC_NOERR No error.
   @return ::NC_EBADID Not a valid ID.
   @return ::NC_EMAXNAME Name is too long.
   @return ::NC_EBADNAME Name breaks netCDF name rules.
   @return ::NC_EINVAL Invalid input.
   @return ::NC_ENOTINDEFINE Not in define mode.
   @return ::NC_EDIMSIZE Invalid dimension size.
   @return ::NC_EUNLIMIT NC_UNLIMITED size already in use
   @return ::NC_EMAXDIMS NC_MAX_DIMS exceeded [not enforced after 4.5.0]
   @return ::NC_ENAMEINUSE String match to name in use
   @return ::NC_ENOMEM Memory allocation (malloc) failure
   @return ::NC_EPERM Write to read only

   @section nc_def_dim_example Example

   Here is an example using nc_def_dim() to create a dimension named lat of
   length 18 and a unlimited dimension named rec in a new netCDF dataset
   named foo.nc:

   @code
   #include <netcdf.h>
   ...
   int status, ncid, latid, recid;
   ...
   status = nc_create("foo.nc", NC_NOCLOBBER, &ncid);
   if (status != NC_NOERR) handle_error(status);
   ...
   status = nc_def_dim(ncid, "lat", 18L, &latid);
   if (status != NC_NOERR) handle_error(status);
   status = nc_def_dim(ncid, "rec", NC_UNLIMITED, &recid);
   if (status != NC_NOERR) handle_error(status);
   @endcode

   @author Glenn Davis, Russ Rew, Ed Hartnett, Dennis Heimbigner, Ward
   Fisher
*/
int
nc_def_dim(int ncid, const char *name, size_t len, int *idp)
{
    NC* ncp;
    int stat = NC_check_id(ncid, &ncp);
    if(stat != NC_NOERR) return stat;
    TRACE(nc_def_dim);
    return ncp->dispatch->def_dim(ncid, name, len, idp);
}

/**
   Find the ID of a dimension from the name.

   The function nc_inq_dimid returns (as an argument) the ID of a
   netCDF dimension, given the name of the dimension. If ndims is the
   number of dimensions defined for a netCDF dataset, each dimension
   has an ID between 0 and ndims-1.

   @param ncid NetCDF or group ID, from a previous call to nc_open(),
   nc_create(), nc_def_grp(), or associated inquiry functions such as
   nc_inq_ncid().
   @param name Name of the dimension.
   @param idp Pointer where dimension ID will be stored.

   @return ::NC_NOERR No error.
   @return ::NC_EBADID Not a valid ID.
   @return ::NC_EBADDIM Invalid dimension ID.

   @author Glenn Davis, Russ Rew, Ed Hartnett, Dennis Heimbigner, Ward
   Fisher
*/
int
nc_inq_dimid(int ncid, const char *name, int *idp)
{
    NC* ncp;
    int stat = NC_check_id(ncid, &ncp);
    if(stat != NC_NOERR) return stat;
    TRACE(nc_inq_dimid);
    return ncp->dispatch->inq_dimid(ncid,name,idp);
}

/**
   Find the name and length of a dimension.

   The length for the unlimited dimension, if any, is the number of
   records written so far.

   @param ncid NetCDF or group ID, from a previous call to nc_open(),
   nc_create(), nc_def_grp(), or associated inquiry functions such as
   nc_inq_ncid().
   @param dimid Dimension ID, from a previous call to nc_inq_dimid() or
   nc_def_dim().
   @param name Returned dimension name. The caller must allocate space
   for the returned name. The maximum possible length, in characters, of
   a dimension name is given by the predefined constant
   ::NC_MAX_NAME. (This doesn't include the null terminator, so declare
   your array to be size NC_MAX_NAME+1). The returned character array
   will be null-terminated.
   @param lenp Pointer to location for returned length of dimension. For
   the unlimited dimension, this is the number of records written so far.

   @return ::NC_NOERR No error.
   @return ::NC_EBADID Not a valid ID.
   @return ::NC_EBADDIM Invalid dimension ID or name.

   @section nc_inq_dim_example Example

   Here is an example using nc_inq_dim() to determine the length of a
   dimension named lat, and the name and current maximum length of the
   unlimited dimension for an existing netCDF dataset named foo.nc:

   @code
   #include <netcdf.h>
   ...
   int status, ncid, latid, recid;
   size_t latlength, recs;
   char recname[NC_MAX_NAME+1];
   ...
   status = nc_open("foo.nc", NC_NOWRITE, &ncid);
   if (status != NC_NOERR) handle_error(status);
   status = nc_inq_unlimdim(ncid, &recid);
   if (status != NC_NOERR) handle_error(status);
   ...
   status = nc_inq_dimid(ncid, "lat", &latid);
   if (status != NC_NOERR) handle_error(status);
   status = nc_inq_dimlen(ncid, latid, &latlength);
   if (status != NC_NOERR) handle_error(status);

   status = nc_inq_dim(ncid, recid, recname, &recs);
   if (status != NC_NOERR) handle_error(status);
   @endcode

   @author Glenn Davis, Russ Rew, Ed Hartnett, Dennis Heimbigner, Ward
   Fisher
*/
int
nc_inq_dim(int ncid, int dimid, char *name, size_t *lenp)
{
    NC* ncp;
    int stat = NC_check_id(ncid, &ncp);
    if(stat != NC_NOERR) return stat;
    TRACE(nc_inq_dim);
    return ncp->dispatch->inq_dim(ncid,dimid,name,lenp);
}

/**
   Rename a dimension.

   This function renames an existing dimension in a netCDF dataset
   open for writing. You cannot rename a dimension to have the same
   name as another dimension.

   For netCDF classic and 64-bit offset files, if the new name is
   longer than the old name, which has been flushed to disk, the
   netCDF dataset must be in define mode.

   For netCDF-4 files the length of the name is not checked against
   the length of the old name, even for classic model files. This is
   due to the difficulty of exactly reproducing classic library
   behavior in this case.

   @param ncid NetCDF or group ID, from a previous call to nc_open(),
   nc_create(), nc_def_grp(), or associated inquiry functions such as
   nc_inq_ncid().
   @param dimid Dimension ID, from a previous call to nc_inq_dimid()
   or nc_def_dim().
   @param name New name for dimension. Must be a null-terminated
   string with length less than ::NC_MAX_NAME.

   @return ::NC_NOERR No error.
   @return ::NC_EBADID Not a valid ID.
   @return ::NC_EBADDIM Invalid dimension ID or name.
   @return ::NC_ENAMEINUSE String match to name in use
   @return ::NC_ENOMEM Memory allocation (malloc) failure
   @return ::NC_EPERM Write to read only
   @return ::NC_ENOTINDEFINE Not in define mode and new name is longer
   than old.

   @section nc_rename_dim_example Example

   Here is an example using nc_rename_dim to rename the dimension lat
   to latitude in an existing netCDF dataset named foo.nc:

   @code
   #include <netcdf.h>
   ...
   int status, ncid, latid;
   ...
   status = nc_open("foo.nc", NC_WRITE, &ncid);
   if (status != NC_NOERR) handle_error(status);
   ...
   status = nc_redef(ncid);
   if (status != NC_NOERR) handle_error(status);
   status = nc_inq_dimid(ncid, "lat", &latid);
   if (status != NC_NOERR) handle_error(status);
   status = nc_rename_dim(ncid, latid, "latitude");
   if (status != NC_NOERR) handle_error(status);
   status = nc_enddef(ncid);
   if (status != NC_NOERR) handle_error(status);
   @endcode

   @author Glenn Davis, Russ Rew, Ed Hartnett, Dennis Heimbigner, Ward
   Fisher
*/
int
nc_rename_dim(int ncid, int dimid, const char *name)
{
    NC* ncp;
    int stat = NC_check_id(ncid, &ncp);
    if(stat != NC_NOERR) return stat;
    TRACE(nc_rename_dim);
    return ncp->dispatch->rename_dim(ncid,dimid,name);
}

/**
   Find the number of dimensions.

   In a classic model netCDF file, this function returns the number of
   defined dimensions. In a netCDF-4/HDF5 file, this function returns
   the number of dimensions available in the group specified by ncid,
   which may be less than the total number of dimensions in a file. In
   a netCDF-4/HDF5 file, dimensions are in all sub-groups,
   sub-sub-groups, etc.

   @param ncid NetCDF or group ID, from a previous call to nc_open(),
   nc_create(), nc_def_grp(), or associated inquiry functions such as
   nc_inq_ncid().
   @param ndimsp Pointer where number of dimensions will be
   written. Ignored if NULL.

   @return ::NC_NOERR  No error.
   @return ::NC_EBADID Not a valid ID.

   @author Glenn Davis, Russ Rew, Ed Hartnett, Dennis Heimbigner, Ward
   Fisher
*/
int
nc_inq_ndims(int ncid, int *ndimsp)
{
    NC* ncp;
    int stat = NC_check_id(ncid, &ncp);
    if(stat != NC_NOERR) return stat;
    if(ndimsp == NULL) return NC_NOERR;
    TRACE(nc_inq_ndims);
    return ncp->dispatch->inq(ncid,ndimsp,NULL,NULL,NULL);
}

/**
   Find the ID of the unlimited dimension.

   This function finds the ID of the unlimited dimension. For
   netCDF-4/HDF5 files (which may have more than one unlimited
   dimension), the ID of the first unlimited dimesnion is
   returned. For these files, nc_inq_unlimdims() will return all the
   unlimited dimension IDs.

   @param ncid NetCDF or group ID, from a previous call to nc_open(),
   nc_create(), nc_def_grp(), or associated inquiry functions such as
   nc_inq_ncid().
   @param unlimdimidp Pointer where unlimited dimension ID will be
   stored. If there is no unlimited dimension, -1 will be stored
   here. Ignored if NULL.

   @return ::NC_NOERR  No error.
   @return ::NC_EBADID Not a valid ID.

   @author Glenn Davis, Russ Rew, Ed Hartnett, Dennis Heimbigner, Ward
   Fisher
*/
int
nc_inq_unlimdim(int ncid, int *unlimdimidp)
{
    NC* ncp;
    int stat = NC_check_id(ncid, &ncp);
    if(stat != NC_NOERR) return stat;
    TRACE(nc_inq_unlimdim);
    return ncp->dispatch->inq_unlimdim(ncid,unlimdimidp);
}

/**
   Find out the name of a dimension.

   @param ncid NetCDF or group ID, from a previous call to nc_open(),
   nc_create(), nc_def_grp(), or associated inquiry functions such as
   nc_inq_ncid().
   @param dimid Dimension ID, from a previous call to nc_inq_dimid()
   or nc_def_dim().
   @param name Returned dimension name. The caller must allocate space
   for the returned name. The maximum possible length, in characters,
   of a dimension name is given by the predefined constant
   ::NC_MAX_NAME. (This doesn't include the null terminator, so
   declare your array to be size NC_MAX_NAME+1). The returned
   character array will be null-terminated. Ignored if NULL.

   @return ::NC_NOERR   No error.
   @return ::NC_EBADID  Not a valid ID.
   @return ::NC_EBADDIM Invalid dimension ID or name.

   @section nc_inq_dim_example2 Example

   Here is an example using nc_inq_dim() to determine the length of a
   dimension named lat, and the name and current maximum length of the
   unlimited dimension for an existing netCDF dataset named foo.nc:

   @code
   #include <netcdf.h>
   ...
   int status, ncid, latid, recid;
   size_t latlength, recs;
   char recname[NC_MAX_NAME+1];
   ...
   status = nc_open("foo.nc", NC_NOWRITE, &ncid);
   if (status != NC_NOERR) handle_error(status);
   status = nc_inq_unlimdim(ncid, &recid);
   if (status != NC_NOERR) handle_error(status);
   ...
   status = nc_inq_dimid(ncid, "lat", &latid);
   if (status != NC_NOERR) handle_error(status);
   status = nc_inq_dimlen(ncid, latid, &latlength);
   if (status != NC_NOERR) handle_error(status);

   status = nc_inq_dim(ncid, recid, recname, &recs);
   if (status != NC_NOERR) handle_error(status);
   @endcode

   @author Glenn Davis, Russ Rew, Ed Hartnett, Dennis Heimbigner, Ward
   Fisher
*/
int
nc_inq_dimname(int ncid, int dimid, char *name)
{
    NC* ncp;
    int stat = NC_check_id(ncid, &ncp);
    if(stat != NC_NOERR) return stat;
    if(name == NULL) return NC_NOERR;
    TRACE(nc_inq_dimname);
    return ncp->dispatch->inq_dim(ncid,dimid,name,NULL);
}

/**
   Find the length of a dimension.

   The length for the unlimited dimension, if any, is the number of
   records written so far.

   @param ncid NetCDF or group ID, from a previous call to nc_open(),
   nc_create(), nc_def_grp(), or associated inquiry functions such as
   nc_inq_ncid().
   @param dimid Dimension ID, from a previous call to nc_inq_dimid()
   or nc_def_dim().
   @param lenp Pointer where the length will be stored.

   @return ::NC_NOERR   No error.
   @return ::NC_EBADID  Not a valid ID.
   @return ::NC_EBADDIM Invalid dimension ID or name.

   @section nc_inq_dim_example3 Example

   Here is an example using nc_inq_dim() to determine the length of a
   dimension named lat, and the name and current maximum length of the
   unlimited dimension for an existing netCDF dataset named foo.nc:

   @code
   #include <netcdf.h>
   ...
   int status, ncid, latid, recid;
   size_t latlength, recs;
   char recname[NC_MAX_NAME+1];
   ...
   status = nc_open("foo.nc", NC_NOWRITE, &ncid);
   if (status != NC_NOERR) handle_error(status);
   status = nc_inq_unlimdim(ncid, &recid);
   if (status != NC_NOERR) handle_error(status);
   ...
   status = nc_inq_dimid(ncid, "lat", &latid);
   if (status != NC_NOERR) handle_error(status);
   status = nc_inq_dimlen(ncid, latid, &latlength);
   if (status != NC_NOERR) handle_error(status);

   status = nc_inq_dim(ncid, recid, recname, &recs);
   if (status != NC_NOERR) handle_error(status);
   @endcode

   @author Glenn Davis, Russ Rew, Ed Hartnett, Dennis Heimbigner, Ward
   Fisher
*/
int
nc_inq_dimlen(int ncid, int dimid, size_t *lenp)
{
    NC* ncp;
    int stat = NC_check_id(ncid, &ncp);
    if(stat != NC_NOERR) return stat;
    if(lenp == NULL) return NC_NOERR;
    TRACE(nc_inq_dimlen);
    return ncp->dispatch->inq_dim(ncid,dimid,NULL,lenp);
}

/** @} */