Weather Data Sources

[SteveHaben]

Given that weather data is vital for energy analytics and data science, this discussion thread is aiming to collect information on possible sources. Please add any sources you know of below and include as much information as you know, ideally including the following:

• What type of weather data (Forecast, observation, or reanalysis)
• Is it open or not
• What coverage (Global, or local, if so what region?)
• Resolution (Spatial - latitude, longitude, Vertical, and temporal - hourly, daily, etc.)

[SteveHaben]

Name	Owner	Type	Open?	Coverage	Spatial Resolution	Temporal Resolution	Link
ERA5	ECMWF	Reanalysis	CC BY but access is charged for commercial use	Global	0.25 degree resolution, 37 pressure levels	hourly	https://www.ecmwf.int/en/forecasts/datasets/reanalysis-datasets/era5
GraphCast	Google Deepmind	Forecast based on Reanalysis	Requires ERA5 ECWMF data	Global	0.25 degree resolution, 37 pressure levels	Hourly	https://github.com/google-deepmind/graphcast
MERRA-2	NASA	Reanalysis	Open	Global	0.5 lat x 0.625 lon x 72 vertical levels	Hourly	https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/reanalysis/MERRA-2/t

Major weather centres also have a mix of forecast products including reanalysis, forecasts, and ensemble forecasts including:

• ECMWF
• UK Met Office

A long list of major weather centres can be found here

[SteveHaben]

Open-Meteo provides a CC BY license to API data which combines forecasts and reanalysis from multiple national weather services, including ECMWF, NOAA NCEP and Météo-France (note each of which will have their own licenses).
Open-source code with free access for non-commercial code.