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<!-- This document was automatically generated with bibtex2html 1.96
(see http://www.lri.fr/~filliatr/bibtex2html/),
with the following command:
bibtex2html -dl -nodoc -nobibsource -nokeys -nokeywords -nofooter 2013.bib -->
<p><a name="csdl2-10-08"></a>
Robert S. Brewer.
<em>Fostering Sustained Energy Behavior Change And Increasing Energy
Literacy In A Student Housing Energy Challenge</em>.
PhD thesis, University of Hawaii, Department of Information and
Computer Sciences, March 2013.
[ <a href="http://csdl.ics.hawaii.edu/techreports/2010/10-08/10-08.pdf">.pdf</a> ]
<blockquote><font size="-1">
We designed the Kukui Cup challenge to foster energy conservation and increase energy literacy. Based on a review of the literature, the challenge combined a variety of elements into an overall game experience, including: real-time energy feedback, goals, commitments, competition, and prizes.
We designed a software system called Makahiki to provide the online portion of the Kukui Cup challenge. Energy use was monitored by smart meters installed on each floor of the Hale Aloha residence halls on the University of Hawai`i at Manoa campus.
In October 2011, we ran the UH Kukui Cup challenge for the over 1000 residents of the Hale Aloha towers. To evaluate the Kukui Cup challenge, I conducted three experiments: challenge participation, energy literacy, and energy use.
Many residents participated in the challenge, as measured by points earned and actions completed through the challenge website. I measured the energy literacy of a random sample of Hale Aloha residents using an online energy literacy questionnaire administered before and after the challenge. I found that challenge participants' energy knowledge increased significantly compared to non-challenge participants. Positive self-reported energy behaviors increased after the challenge for both challenge participants and non-participants, leading to the possibility of passive participation by the non-challenge participants.
I found that energy use varied substantially between and within lounges over time. Variations in energy use over time complicated the selection of a baseline of energy use to compare the levels during and after the challenge. The best team reduced its energy use during the challenge by 16%. However, team energy conservation did not appear to correlate to participation in the challenge, and there was no evidence of sustained energy conservation after the challenge. The problems inherent in assessing energy conservation using a baseline call into question this common practice.
My research has generated several contributions, including: a demonstration of increased energy literacy as a result of the challenge, the discovery of fundamental problems with the use of baselines for assessing energy competitions, the creation of two open source software systems, and the creation of an energy literacy assessment instrument.
</font></blockquote>
<p>
</p>
<p><a name="csdl2-12-06"></a>
Philip M. Johnson, Yongwen Xu, Robert S. Brewer, Carleton A. Moore, George E.
Lee, and Andrea Connell.
Makahiki+WattDepot: An open source software stack for next
generation energy research and education.
In <em>Proceedings of the 2013 Conference on Information and
Communication Technologies for Sustainability (ICT4S)</em>, February 2013.
[ <a href="http://csdl.ics.hawaii.edu/techreports/2012/12-06/12-06.pdf">.pdf</a> ]
<blockquote><font size="-1">
Satisfying the radically different requirements and operating assumptions of the next generation smart grid requires new kinds of software that enable research and experimentation into the ways that electrical energy production and consumption can be collected, analyzed, visualized, and provided to consumers. Since 2009, we have been designing, implementing, and evaluating an open source software “stack” to facilitate this research. This software stack consists of two custom systems called WattDepot and Makahiki, along with the open source components they rely upon (Java, Restlet, Postgres, Python, Django, Memcache). In this paper, we detail the novel features of WattDepot and Makahiki, our experiences using them for research and education, and additional ways they can be used for next generation energy research and education.
</font></blockquote>
<p>
</p>
<p><a name="csdl2-12-11"></a>
Philip M. Johnson.
Searching under the streetlight for useful software analytics.
<em>IEEE Software</em>, July 2013.
[ <a href="http://csdl.ics.hawaii.edu/techreports/2012/12-11/12-11.pdf">.pdf</a> ]
<blockquote><font size="-1">
For more than 15 years, researchers at
the Collaborative Software Development
Laboratory (CSDL) at the University
of Hawaii at Manoa have looked
for analytics that help developers
understand and improve development
processes and products. Through this
research, we’ve come to believe that the
“searching under the streetlight” metaphor
is useful for understanding both
our research and that of others in this
area.
</font></blockquote>
<p>
</p>
<p><a name="csdl2-12-12"></a>
Robert S. Brewer, Yongwen Xu, George E. Lee, Michelle Katchuck, Carleton A.
Moore, and Philip M. Johnson.
Energy feedback for smart grid consumers: Lessons learned from the
Kukui Cup.
In <em>Proceedings of Energy 2013</em>, pages 120-126, March 2013.
[ <a href="http://csdl.ics.hawaii.edu/techreports/2012/12-12/12-12.pdf">.pdf</a> ]
<blockquote><font size="-1">
To achieve the full benefits of the Smart Grid, end users must become active participants in the energy ecosystem. This paper presents the Kukui Cup challenge, a serious game designed around the topic of energy conservation which incorporates a variety of energy feedback visualizations, a multifaceted serious game with online educational activities, and real-world activities such as workshops and excursions. We describe our experiences in developing energy feedback visualizations in the Kukui Cup based on in-lab evaluations and field studies in college residence halls. We learned that energy feedback systems should address these factors: they should be actionable, that domain knowledge must go hand in hand with energy feedback systems, and that this feedback must be “sticky” to lead to changes in behaviors and attitudes.
</font></blockquote>
<p>
</p>
<p><a name="csdl2-13-02"></a>
Jordan Takayama.
Making game design as easy as gaming: Creating an administrative
interface for the makahiki framework.
Technical Report CSDL-13-02, Department of Information and Computer
Sciences, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, May 2013.
[ <a href="http://csdl.ics.hawaii.edu/techreports/2013/13-02/13-02.pdf">.pdf</a> ]
<blockquote><font size="-1">
The usability of an application is a measure of how effectively it can be
used to perform the tasks it was designed for in its target
environment. A user interface the toolbars, menus, and other elements
that control an application determines how quickly and correctly users
can complete tasks. Makahiki is an application framework for designing
serious games (games which teach a serious subject) focused on energy
conservation, recycling, and clean energy issues. A problem with the
current iteration of Makahiki is that creating competitions in its
administrator interface is time-consuming. To identify the reasons for
this problem, I will work with the Makahiki development team to
distribute surveys to identify usability issues. For the first survey,
University of Hawai‘i at M¯anoa students will configure Makahiki for a
course assignment, self-report the time required for each part of the
configuration, and describe usability problems. I will develop a design
tool that will address these problems. After the design tool is
completed, some of the first surveys questions will be reused with a
second group of test subjects, comparing their performance with the
design tool against the first groups performance with the original
application on a subset of the same tasks. This will determine if
configuration times decreased and the usability issues of the original
application were addressed by the redesign. The collection of usability
data and the creation of the design tool will address Makahikis
usability problems while enhancing the understanding of how user
interface design styles affect usability.
</font></blockquote>
<p>
</p>
<p><a name="csdl2-13-03"></a>
Yongwen Xu, Philip M. Johnson, Carleton A. Moore, Robert S. Brewer, and Jordan
Takayama.
SGSEAM: Assessing serious game frameworks from a stakeholder
experience perspective.
In <em>Proceedings of the First International Conference on Gameful
Design, Research, and Applications (Gamification 2013)</em>, October 2013.
[ <a href="http://csdl.ics.hawaii.edu/techreports/2013/13-03/13-03.pdf">.pdf</a> ]
<blockquote><font size="-1">
Assessment of serious game frameworks is emerging as an
important area of research. This paper describes an assessment
mechanism called the Serious Game Stakeholder Experience
Assessment Method (SGSEAM). SGSEAM is designed
to provide detailed insights into the strengths and
shortcomings of serious game frameworks through a stakeholder
perspective based approach. In this paper, we report on
the use of SGSEAM to assess Makahiki, an open source serious
game framework for sustainability. Our results provide
useful insights into both Makahiki as a serious game framework
and SGSEAM as an assessment method.
</font></blockquote>
<p>
</p>
<p><a name="csdl2-13-05"></a>
Robert S. Brewer, Yongwen Xu, George E. Lee, Michelle Katchuck, Carleton A.
Moore, and Philip M. Johnson.
Three principles for the design of energy feedback visualizations.
<em>International Journal On Advances in Intelligent Systems</em>, 3 &
4(6):188-198, 2013.
[ <a href="http://csdl.ics.hawaii.edu/techreports/2013/13-05/13-05.pdf">.pdf</a> ]
<blockquote><font size="-1">
To achieve the full benefits of the Smart Grid, end users must become active participants in the energy ecosystem. This paper presents the Kukui Cup challenge, a multifaceted serious game designed around the topic of energy conservation that incorporates a variety of energy feedback visualizations, online educational activities, and real-world activities such as workshops and excursions. We describe our experiences developing energy feedback visualizations in the Kukui Cup based on in-lab evaluations and field studies in college residence halls. We learned that energy feedback systems should address these three factors: 1) they should be actionable, 2) domain knowledge should go hand in hand with feedback systems, and 3) feedback must be “sticky” if it is to lead to changes in behaviors and attitudes. We provide examples of both successful and unsuccessful visualizations, and discuss how they address the three factors we have identified.
</font></blockquote>
<p>
</p>