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ddrwrapper.vhdl
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- * Copyright (C) Paul Gardner-Stephen, Flinders University 2015
--
-- * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
-- * it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as
-- * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the
-- * License, or (at your option) any later version.
-- *
-- * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-- * GNU General Public License for more details.
-- *
-- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-- * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
-- * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA
-- * 02111-1307 USA.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- * Portions COPYRIGHT (C) 2014, Digilent RO.
--
-- * This program is free software; distributed under the terms of BSD 3-clause
-- * license ("Revised BSD License", "New BSD License", or "Modified BSD License")
-- *
-- * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
-- * are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
-- *
-- * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
-- * list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-- * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
-- * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
-- * and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
-- * 3. Neither the name(s) of the above-listed copyright holder(s) nor the names
-- * of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
-- * from this software without specific prior written permission.
-- *
-- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
-- * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
-- * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
-- * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
-- * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
-- * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
-- * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
-- * CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
-- * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
-- * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
library IEEE;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
use ieee.numeric_std.all;
use Std.TextIO.all;
entity ddrwrapper is
port (
-- Common
cpuclock : in std_logic;
clk_200MHz_i : in std_logic; -- 200 MHz system clock
rst_i : in std_logic; -- active high system reset
device_temp_i : in std_logic_vector(11 downto 0);
ddr_state : out unsigned(7 downto 0);
ddr_counter : out unsigned(7 downto 0);
-- RAM interface
ram_address : in std_logic_vector(26 downto 0);
ram_write_data : in std_logic_vector(7 downto 0);
ram_address_reflect : out std_logic_vector(26 downto 0);
ram_write_reflect : out std_logic_vector(7 downto 0);
ram_write_enable : in std_logic;
ram_request_toggle : in std_logic;
ram_done_toggle : out std_logic := '0';
-- simple-dual-port cache RAM interface so that CPU doesn't have to read
-- data cross-clock
cache_address : in std_logic_vector(8 downto 0);
cache_read_data : out std_logic_vector(150 downto 0);
-- DDR2 interface
ddr2_addr : out std_logic_vector(12 downto 0);
ddr2_ba : out std_logic_vector(2 downto 0);
ddr2_ras_n : out std_logic;
ddr2_cas_n : out std_logic;
ddr2_we_n : out std_logic;
ddr2_ck_p : out std_logic_vector(0 downto 0);
ddr2_ck_n : out std_logic_vector(0 downto 0);
ddr2_cke : out std_logic_vector(0 downto 0);
ddr2_cs_n : out std_logic_vector(0 downto 0);
ddr2_dm : out std_logic_vector(1 downto 0);
ddr2_odt : out std_logic_vector(0 downto 0);
ddr2_dq : inout std_logic_vector(15 downto 0);
ddr2_dqs_p : inout std_logic_vector(1 downto 0);
ddr2_dqs_n : inout std_logic_vector(1 downto 0)
);
end ddrwrapper;
architecture Behavioral of ddrwrapper is
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Component Declarations
------------------------------------------------------------------------
component ram151x512
PORT (
clka : IN STD_LOGIC;
wea : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(0 DOWNTO 0);
addra : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(8 DOWNTO 0);
dina : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(150 DOWNTO 0);
clkb : IN STD_LOGIC;
addrb : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(8 DOWNTO 0);
doutb : OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(150 DOWNTO 0)
);
END component;
component ddr
port (
-- Inouts
ddr2_dq : inout std_logic_vector(15 downto 0);
ddr2_dqs_p : inout std_logic_vector(1 downto 0);
ddr2_dqs_n : inout std_logic_vector(1 downto 0);
-- Outputs
ddr2_addr : out std_logic_vector(12 downto 0);
ddr2_ba : out std_logic_vector(2 downto 0);
ddr2_ras_n : out std_logic;
ddr2_cas_n : out std_logic;
ddr2_we_n : out std_logic;
ddr2_ck_p : out std_logic_vector(0 downto 0);
ddr2_ck_n : out std_logic_vector(0 downto 0);
ddr2_cke : out std_logic_vector(0 downto 0);
ddr2_cs_n : out std_logic_vector(0 downto 0);
ddr2_dm : out std_logic_vector(1 downto 0);
ddr2_odt : out std_logic_vector(0 downto 0);
-- Inputs
sys_clk_i : in std_logic;
sys_rst : in std_logic;
-- user interface signals
app_addr : in std_logic_vector(26 downto 0);
app_cmd : in std_logic_vector(2 downto 0);
app_en : in std_logic;
app_wdf_data : in std_logic_vector(127 downto 0);
app_wdf_end : in std_logic;
app_wdf_mask : in std_logic_vector(15 downto 0);
app_wdf_wren : in std_logic;
app_rd_data : out std_logic_vector(127 downto 0);
app_rd_data_end : out std_logic;
app_rd_data_valid : out std_logic;
app_rdy : out std_logic;
app_wdf_rdy : out std_logic;
app_sr_req : in std_logic;
app_sr_active : out std_logic;
app_ref_req : in std_logic;
app_ref_ack : out std_logic;
app_zq_req : in std_logic;
app_zq_ack : out std_logic;
ui_clk : out std_logic;
ui_clk_sync_rst : out std_logic;
device_temp_i : in std_logic_vector(11 downto 0);
init_calib_complete : out std_logic);
end component;
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Local Type Declarations
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- FSM
type state_type is (stIdle,
stNormaliseRequest,stNormalisePreset, stNormaliseSetCmdRd,
stRequest,stPreset, stSendData, stSetCmdRd, stSetCmdWr,
stRecentWriteRead,
stDone);
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Constant Declarations
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- ddr commands
constant CMD_WRITE : std_logic_vector(2 downto 0) := "000";
constant CMD_READ : std_logic_vector(2 downto 0) := "001";
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Signal Declarations
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- state machine
signal cState, nState : state_type;
-- global signals
signal mem_ui_clk : std_logic;
signal mem_ui_rst : std_logic;
signal rst : std_logic;
signal rstn : std_logic;
signal sreg : std_logic_vector(6 downto 0);
signal ram_request_toggle_2 : std_logic := '0';
signal ram_request_toggle_internal : std_logic := '0';
signal last_ram_request_toggle : std_logic := '0';
signal ram_address_held : std_logic_vector(26 downto 0);
signal ram_address_internal : std_logic_vector(26 downto 0);
signal ram_address_reflect_drive : std_logic_vector(26 downto 0);
signal ram_write_data_internal : std_logic_vector(7 downto 0);
signal ram_write_data_held : std_logic_vector(7 downto 0);
signal ram_write_reflect_drive : std_logic_vector(7 downto 0);
signal ram_write_enable_internal : std_logic;
signal ram_write_enable_held : std_logic;
signal cache_write_enable : std_logic := '0';
signal cache_write_address : std_logic_vector(8 downto 0) := (others => '0');
signal cache_write_data : std_logic_vector(150 downto 0);
signal cache_read_data_drive : std_logic_vector(150 downto 0);
signal recent_write_0 : std_logic_vector(31 downto 0);
signal recent_write_1 : std_logic_vector(31 downto 0);
signal recent_write_2 : std_logic_vector(31 downto 0);
signal recent_write_3 : std_logic_vector(31 downto 0);
signal ram_done_toggle_localclock : std_logic := '0';
signal ram_read_data_localclock : std_logic_vector(7 downto 0);
signal debug_counter_localclock : unsigned(7 downto 0) := x"00";
signal ddr_state_localclock : unsigned(7 downto 0) := x"00";
signal ddr_timeout : unsigned(7 downto 0);
-- cache for 16 bytes we read at a time, to avoid wasting time with
-- full requests for accesses in the same 16 bytes.
-- (We also write to the cache when processing writes so that it stays
-- consistent).
-- XXX - We don't allow servicing reads from the cache while a write is
-- in progress.
signal last_ram_read_data_localclock : std_logic_vector(127 downto 0);
-- ddr user interface signals
signal mem_addr : std_logic_vector(26 downto 0); -- address for current request
signal mem_cmd : std_logic_vector(2 downto 0); -- command for current request
signal mem_en : std_logic; -- active-high strobe for 'cmd' and 'addr'
signal mem_rdy : std_logic;
signal mem_wdf_rdy : std_logic; -- write data FIFO is ready to receive data (wdf_rdy = 1 & wdf_wren = 1)
signal mem_wdf_data : std_logic_vector(127 downto 0);
signal mem_wdf_end : std_logic; -- active-high last 'wdf_data'
signal mem_wdf_mask : std_logic_vector(15 downto 0);
signal mem_wdf_wren : std_logic;
signal mem_rd_data : std_logic_vector(127 downto 0);
signal mem_rd_data_end : std_logic; -- active-high last 'rd_data'
signal mem_rd_data_valid : std_logic; -- active-high 'rd_data' valid
signal calib_complete : std_logic; -- active-high calibration complete
signal debug_mode : std_logic := '0';
attribute FSM_ENCODING : string;
attribute FSM_ENCODING of cState : signal is "GRAY";
attribute ASYNC_REG : string;
attribute ASYNC_REG of sreg : signal is "TRUE";
begin
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Declare cache RAM
------------------------------------------------------------------------
cacheram0: ram151x512
port map (
clka => mem_ui_clk,
wea(0) => cache_write_enable,
addra => cache_write_address,
dina => cache_write_data,
clkb => cpuclock,
addrb => cache_address,
doutb => cache_read_data_drive);
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Registering the active-low reset for the MIG component
------------------------------------------------------------------------
RSTSYNC: process(clk_200MHz_i)
begin
if rising_edge(clk_200MHz_i) then
sreg <= sreg(5 downto 0) & (not rst_i);
rstn <= sreg(6);
end if;
end process RSTSYNC;
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Register output signals to CPU clock
------------------------------------------------------------------------
process(cpuclock)
begin
if rising_edge(cpuclock) then
-- Delay done toggle to next CPU clock cycle so that the data lines
-- are definitely there first.
ram_done_toggle <= ram_done_toggle_localclock;
ddr_counter <= debug_counter_localclock;
ddr_state <= ddr_state_localclock;
cache_read_data <= cache_read_data_drive;
end if;
end process;
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- DDR controller instance
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Inst_DDR: ddr
port map (
ddr2_dq => ddr2_dq,
ddr2_dqs_p => ddr2_dqs_p,
ddr2_dqs_n => ddr2_dqs_n,
ddr2_addr => ddr2_addr,
ddr2_ba => ddr2_ba,
ddr2_ras_n => ddr2_ras_n,
ddr2_cas_n => ddr2_cas_n,
ddr2_we_n => ddr2_we_n,
ddr2_ck_p => ddr2_ck_p,
ddr2_ck_n => ddr2_ck_n,
ddr2_cke => ddr2_cke,
ddr2_cs_n => ddr2_cs_n,
ddr2_dm => ddr2_dm,
ddr2_odt => ddr2_odt,
-- Inputs
sys_clk_i => clk_200MHz_i,
-- sys_rst => rstn_3,
sys_rst => rstn,
-- user interface signals
app_addr => mem_addr,
app_cmd => mem_cmd,
app_en => mem_en,
app_wdf_data => mem_wdf_data,
app_wdf_end => mem_wdf_end,
app_wdf_mask => mem_wdf_mask,
app_wdf_wren => mem_wdf_wren,
app_rd_data => mem_rd_data,
app_rd_data_end => mem_rd_data_end,
app_rd_data_valid => mem_rd_data_valid,
app_rdy => mem_rdy,
app_wdf_rdy => mem_wdf_rdy,
app_sr_req => '0',
app_sr_active => open,
app_ref_req => '0',
app_ref_ack => open,
app_zq_req => '0',
app_zq_ack => open,
ui_clk => mem_ui_clk,
ui_clk_sync_rst => mem_ui_rst,
device_temp_i => device_temp_i,
init_calib_complete => calib_complete);
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Registering all inputs of the state machine to 'mem_ui_clk' domain
------------------------------------------------------------------------
REG_IN: process(mem_ui_clk)
begin
if rising_edge(mem_ui_clk) then
ddr_state_localclock <= to_unsigned(state_type'pos(nState),8);
ram_address_internal <= ram_address;
ram_write_data_internal <= ram_write_data;
-- Reflect memory write details to CPU so that it knows when we have it right.
ram_address_reflect_drive <= ram_address_internal;
ram_address_reflect <= ram_address_reflect_drive;
ram_write_reflect_drive <= ram_write_data_internal;
ram_write_reflect <= ram_write_reflect_drive;
-- Delay memory access request toggle by an extra cycle to ensure that
-- the address (and possibly data) lines have settled.
-- Our clock here is only ~6.8ns, while CPU is 20ns. So we need at least
-- three cycle delay to allow for signal skew from the CPU.
ram_request_toggle_2 <= ram_request_toggle;
ram_request_toggle_internal <= ram_request_toggle_2;
ram_write_enable_internal <= ram_write_enable;
if mem_ui_rst = '1' then
cState <= stIdle;
else
cState <= nState;
end if;
mem_wdf_wren <= '0';
mem_wdf_end <= '0';
mem_en <= '0';
mem_cmd <= (others => '0');
-- Note that the state machine has a 1 cycle delay to match the DDR2
-- semantics. This means that each state block will get executed twice,
-- but toggling of acknowledgement lines needs to be done just once, so
-- we do a short-circuit for the states when memory accesses end to make
-- that happen, by assigning cState directly instead of via nState.
nState <= cState; -- by default keep the current state
case (cState) is
when stIdle =>
if (ram_request_toggle_internal /= last_ram_request_toggle) then
-- Give address lines time to settle with cross-clock transfer, so
-- we don't capture them just yet.
-- Also, since non-linear access seems to be what upsets things,
-- and since we get stray writes, let's do a preliminary request that
-- is definitely a read, and on the correct line of the DDR RAM.
-- This will hopefully mean that the DDR RAM is in the right state
-- to handle the real access, and won't accidentally serve up the wrong
-- data, or cause a write to the wrong place.
nState <= stNormaliseRequest;
end if;
when stNormaliseRequest =>
-- A new memory request is happening.
-- This needs a new memory request, so start a new transaction, if
-- the DDR RAM isn't busy calibrating.
if calib_complete = '1' then
nState <= stNormalisePreset;
end if;
cache_write_enable <= '0';
cache_write_address <= (others => '1');
when stNormalisePreset =>
nState <= stNormaliseSetCmdRd;
mem_addr <= ram_address_held(26 downto 4) & "0000";
mem_wdf_data <= x"99999999" & x"99999999" & x"99999999" & x"99999999";
ddr_timeout <= x"ff";
-- Register write enable now -- several cycles after the request has
-- been noticed, but also several cycles before we need to act on it.
ram_write_enable_held <= ram_write_enable_internal;
when stNormaliseSetCmdRd =>
-- Wait for memory to be finish the read
mem_en <= '1';
mem_cmd <= CMD_READ;
mem_wdf_mask <= "1111111111111111";
if (mem_rdy='1')
and (mem_rd_data_valid = '1') and (mem_rd_data_end = '1') then
nState <= stRequest;
else
-- Allow reads to timeout.
if ddr_timeout = "00" then
nState <= stDone;
else
ddr_timeout <= ddr_timeout - 1;
end if;
end if;
when stRequest =>
-- A new memory request is happening.
-- This needs a new memory request, so start a new transaction, if
-- the DDR RAM isn't busy calibrating.
if calib_complete = '1' then
nState <= stPreset;
end if;
cache_write_address <= ram_address_internal(12 downto 4);
-- Make sure that nothing odd happens if ram_address changes while we
-- are working.
ram_address_held <= ram_address_internal;
ram_write_data_held <= ram_write_data_internal;
-- Set up dummy input to cache, which is only written if necessary.
cache_write_data(150 downto 128) <= (others => '1');
cache_write_data(127 downto 8) <= (others => '0');
cache_write_data(7 downto 0) <= x"57"; -- 'W' for debugging
if (ram_write_enable_held = '1') then
-- Invalidate cache line if writing
cache_write_enable <= '1';
-- Let caller go free if writing, now that we have accepted the data
-- ram_done_toggle_localclock <= ram_request_toggle_internal;
else
cache_write_enable <= '0';
end if;
when stPreset =>
-- A memory request is ready and waiting, so start the transaction.
-- XXX: Couldn't this be done in the state above to avoid wasting a cycle?
if ram_write_enable_held = '1' then
nState <= stSendData;
else
-- XXX: Debug measure:
-- Memory address $F000000 reads the four most recent write addresses
-- instead of reading data from RAM
if (ram_address_held(26 downto 24) = "111")
and (ram_address_held(23 downto 0) = x"000000") then
nState <= stRecentWriteRead;
else
nState <= stSetCmdRd;
-- debug_counter_localclock <= debug_counter_localclock + 1;
end if;
-- Reading $F000010 enables debug mode, and reading $F000020 disables
-- debug mode
if (ram_address_held(26 downto 24) = "111")
and (ram_address_held(23 downto 0) = x"000010") then
debug_mode <= '1';
end if;
if (ram_address_held(26 downto 24) = "111")
and (ram_address_held(23 downto 0) = x"000020") then
debug_mode <= '0';
end if;
end if;
case (ram_address_held(3 downto 0)) is
when "0000" => mem_wdf_mask <= "1111111111111110";
when "0001" => mem_wdf_mask <= "1111111111111101";
when "0010" => mem_wdf_mask <= "1111111111111011";
when "0011" => mem_wdf_mask <= "1111111111110111";
when "0100" => mem_wdf_mask <= "1111111111101111";
when "0101" => mem_wdf_mask <= "1111111111011111";
when "0110" => mem_wdf_mask <= "1111111110111111";
when "0111" => mem_wdf_mask <= "1111111101111111";
when "1000" => mem_wdf_mask <= "1111111011111111";
when "1001" => mem_wdf_mask <= "1111110111111111";
when "1010" => mem_wdf_mask <= "1111101111111111";
when "1011" => mem_wdf_mask <= "1111011111111111";
when "1100" => mem_wdf_mask <= "1110111111111111";
when "1101" => mem_wdf_mask <= "1101111111111111";
when "1110" => mem_wdf_mask <= "1011111111111111";
when "1111" => mem_wdf_mask <= "0111111111111111";
when others => null;
end case;
mem_addr <= ram_address_held(26 downto 4) & "0000";
mem_wdf_data <= ram_write_data_held & ram_write_data_held
& ram_write_data_held & ram_write_data_held
& ram_write_data_held & ram_write_data_held
& ram_write_data_held & ram_write_data_held
& ram_write_data_held & ram_write_data_held
& ram_write_data_held & ram_write_data_held
& ram_write_data_held & ram_write_data_held
& ram_write_data_held & ram_write_data_held;
ddr_timeout <= x"ff";
when stSendData =>
-- Wait until memory finishes writing
mem_wdf_wren <= '1';
mem_wdf_end <= '1';
if mem_wdf_rdy = '1' then
nState <= stSetCmdWr;
debug_counter_localclock <= debug_counter_localclock + 1;
recent_write_0(31 downto 8) <= ram_address_held(23 downto 0);
recent_write_0(7 downto 0) <= ram_write_data_held;
recent_write_3 <= recent_write_2;
recent_write_2 <= recent_write_1;
recent_write_1 <= recent_write_0;
end if;
-- Allow writes to timeout.
if ddr_timeout = "00" then
nState <= stSetCmdWr;
else
ddr_timeout <= ddr_timeout - 1;
end if;
when stSetCmdRd =>
-- Wait for memory to be finish the read
mem_en <= '1';
mem_cmd <= CMD_READ;
mem_wdf_mask <= "1111111111111111";
if (mem_rdy='1')
and (mem_rd_data_valid = '1') and (mem_rd_data_end = '1') then
cache_write_address <= ram_address_held(12 downto 4);
cache_write_data(150 downto 128) <= ram_address_held(26 downto 4);
if debug_mode='0' then
cache_write_data(127 downto 0) <= mem_rd_data;
else
cache_write_data(127 downto 123) <= (others => '0');
cache_write_data(122 downto 96) <= ram_address_held(26 downto 0);
cache_write_data(95 downto 0) <= mem_rd_data(95 downto 0);
end if;
cache_write_enable <= '1';
-- Remember the full 16 bytes read so that we can use it as a cache
-- for subsequent reads.
last_ram_read_data_localclock <= mem_rd_data;
nState <= stDone;
else
-- Allow reads to timeout.
if ddr_timeout = "00" then
nState <= stDone;
else
ddr_timeout <= ddr_timeout - 1;
end if;
end if;
when stSetCmdWr =>
mem_en <= '1';
mem_cmd <= CMD_WRITE;
if mem_rdy = '1' then
nState <= stDone;
end if;
-- Allow writes to timeout.
if ddr_timeout = "00" then
nState <= stDone;
else
ddr_timeout <= ddr_timeout - 1;
end if;
when stRecentWriteRead =>
cache_write_address <= ram_address_held(12 downto 4);
cache_write_data(150 downto 128) <= ram_address_held(26 downto 4);
cache_write_data(127 downto 96) <= recent_write_3;
cache_write_data(95 downto 64) <= recent_write_2;
cache_write_data(63 downto 32) <= recent_write_1;
cache_write_data(31 downto 0) <= recent_write_0;
cache_write_enable <= '1';
nState <= stDone;
when stDone =>
-- Delay memory done announcement to give data plenty of time to settle
mem_wdf_mask <= "1111111111111111";
ram_done_toggle_localclock <= ram_request_toggle_internal;
last_ram_request_toggle <= ram_request_toggle_internal;
nState <= stIdle;
when others =>
mem_wdf_mask <= "1111111111111111";
ram_done_toggle_localclock <= ram_request_toggle_internal;
last_ram_request_toggle <= ram_request_toggle_internal;
nState <= stIdle;
end case;
end if;
end process;
end behavioral;