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star_notes.py
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# Define unique_notes dictionary
unique_notes = {
'* alf And': 'α Andromeda or Alpha Andromeda, better known as Alpheratz or Sirrah. It\'s the brightest star in <br>'
'the constellation Andromeda, but it\'s also considered part of the constellation Pegasus. In <br>'
'fact, it forms the top left corner of the Great Square of Pegasus asterism. Alpheratz is a <br>'
'blue-white subgiant star, meaning it\'s hotter and more massive than our Sun, and it\'s <br>'
'starting to evolve off the main sequence. Distance: Approximately 97 light-years away from <br>'
'Earth. Mass: Estimated to be about 3.6 times the mass of the Sun. Radius: Around 2.7 times <br>'
'the radius of the Sun. Luminosity: About 200 times more luminous than our Sun. Temperature: <br>'
'A scorching 13,800 Kelvin, making it much hotter than our Sun. Alpheratz is a spectroscopic <br>'
'binary, meaning it has a fainter companion star that we can\'t see directly but can detect <br>'
'through its gravitational influence on Alpheratz. Alpheratz is classified as a Mercury-Manganese <br>'
'star, a type of chemically peculiar star with an overabundance of those elements in its <br>'
'atmosphere. This makes it interesting for astronomers studying stellar evolution and the <br>'
'chemical composition of stars. To find Alpheratz, look for the Great Square of Pegasus. <br>'
'It\'s the star that marks the top left corner of the square.',
'* bet And': 'Mirach',
'* gam And': 'Almach or Alamak',
'* del And': 'Delta Andromedae',
'* eps And': 'Epsilon Andromedae',
'* zet And': 'Zeta Andromedae',
'* eta And': 'Eta Andromedae',
'* pi And': 'Pi Andromedae',
'* 51 And': 'Nembus',
'* ups And': 'Upsilon Andromedae',
'* phi And': 'Phi Andromedae',
'* chi And': 'Chi Andromedae',
'* psi And': 'Psi Andromedae',
'* ome And': 'Omega Andromedae',
'* alf Ant': 'Alpha Antliae',
'* eps Ant': 'Epsilon Antliae',
'* eta Ant': 'Eta Antliae',
'* the Ant': 'Theta Antliae',
'* iota Ant': 'Iota Antliae',
'* alf Aps': 'Alpha Apodis',
'* bet Aps': 'Beta Apodis',
'* gam Aps': 'Gamma Apodis',
'* del Aps': 'Delta Apodis',
'* the Aps': 'Theta Apodis',
'* kap Aps': 'Kappa Apodis',
'* bet Aqr': 'Sadalsuud',
'* eps Aqr': 'Albali',
'* zet Aqr': 'Sadaltager',
'* the Aqr': 'Ancha',
'* lam Aqr': 'Hydor or Lambda Aquarii',
'* alf Aql': 'α Aquilae or Alpha Aquilae, also known as Altair.<br> '
'* Fast spinner: Altair is completes a rotation in just 8.9 hours! This rapid spin causes it to have a flattened shape<br> '
' with its equatorial diameter being significantly larger than its polar diameter.<br> '
'* Hot and bright: Altair is a white main-sequence star of spectral type A7V. It\'s about 1.8 times more massive than<br> '
' our Sun and 11 times more luminous.<br> '
'* The Eagle\'s Eye: Altair is the brightest star in the constellation Aquila, the Eagle.<br> '
'* Relatively young: Altair is estimated to be about a billion years old, making it much younger than our Sun.<br> '
'* Gravity darkening: Due to its rapid rotation and flattened shape, Altair exhibits a phenomenon called gravity darkening.<br> '
' Its poles are hotter and brighter than its equator.',
'* gam Aql': 'Tarazed',
'* zet Aql': 'Okab',
'* eta Aql': 'Eta Aquilae',
'* the Aql': 'Theta Aquilae',
'* 12 Aql': 'Gienah or 12 Aquilae',
'* lam Aql': 'Lambda Aquilae',
'* 15 Aql': '15 Aquilae',
'* alf Ara': 'Alpha Arae',
'* bet Ara': 'Beta Arae',
'* gam Ara': 'Gamma Arae',
'* zet Ara': 'Zeta Arae',
'* eta Ara': 'Eta Arae',
'* alf Ari': 'Hamal',
'* bet Ari': 'Sheratan',
'* gam Ari': 'Mesarthim',
'* del Ari': 'Botein',
'* 41 Ari': 'Bharani',
'* eps Ari': 'Epsilon Arietis',
'* lam Ari': 'Lambda Arietis',
'* alf Aur': 'α Auriga or Alpha Auriga, better known as Capella.<br> '
'* Spectroscopic binary: Capella consists of two pairs of binary stars.<br> '
'* Capella Aa and Ab: The main pair are two yellow giant stars orbiting each other closely. They are both about 2.5 times<br> '
' more massive than our Sun and have evolved off the main sequence.<br> '
'* Capella H and L: Two much fainter red dwarf stars orbit the main pair at a greater distance.<br> '
'* Sixth brightest star: Capella shines brightly in the night sky, ranking as the sixth-brightest star overall.<br> '
'* Yellow hue: Its combined light gives it a distinctive yellow color, similar to our Sun.<br> '
'* The Charioteer: Capella is the brightest star in the constellation Auriga, the Charioteer.<br> '
'* Circumpolar: For observers at higher northern latitudes, Capella is circumpolar, it never sets below the horizon.<br> '
'* X-ray source: The two main stars in Capella are known to emit X-rays, likely due to their active outer atmospheres.<br> '
'* Future evolution: The two giant stars in Capella will eventually exhaust their nuclear fuel and evolve into white dwarfs.<br> ',
'* bet Aur': 'Menkalinan',
'* the Aur': 'Mahasim',
'* iota Aur': 'Kabdhilinan',
'* eps Aur': 'Almaaz or Epsilon Aurigae',
'* eta Aur': 'Haedus',
'* zet Aur': 'Zeta Aurigae',
'* 14 Aur': '14 Aurigae',
'* alf Boo': 'α Bootes or Alpha Bootes is also known as Arcturus. It is the fourth brightest star in the entire<br> '
'Arcturus is an orange giant star, in a later stage of its life compared to our Sun.<br> '
'* Distance: About 37 light-years away from Earth.<br> '
'* Mass: Around 1.1 solar masses.<br> '
'* Radius: Around 25 times larger than the Sun! If Arcturus were placed in our solar system, it would<br> '
' extend almost to the orbit of Mercury.<br> '
'* Luminosity: Over 170 times more luminous than our Sun, making it a true standout in the night sky.<br> '
'* Temperature: Around 4,300 Kelvin, which is cooler than our Sun (5,778 K) and gives it its orange hue.<br> '
'* High Proper Motion: Arcturus moves relatively quickly. This is because it\'s an older star that\'s<br> '
' part of the Milky Way\'s halo, rather than the disk.<br> '
' Locate the Big Dipper asterism in Ursa Major. Follow the curve of its handle downwards, and the first<br> '
' bright star you encounter is Arcturus.',
'* eps Boo': 'Izar or Pulcherrima',
'* eta Boo': 'Muphrid',
'* mu Boo': 'Alkalurops',
'* nu Boo': 'Nu Bootis',
'* xi Boo': 'Xi Bootis',
'* 38 Boo': 'Merga',
'* alf Cae': 'Alpha Caeli',
'* gam Cae': 'Gamma Caeli',
'* bet Cam': 'Beta Camelopardalis',
'* alf Cnc': 'Acubens',
'* bet Cnc': 'Altarf',
'* del Cnc': 'Asellus Australis',
'* gam Cnc': 'Asellus Borealis',
'* iota Cnc': 'Iota Cancri',
'* alf CVn': 'Cor Caroli',
'* alf CMa': 'Sirius',
'* eps CMa': 'Adhara',
'* del CMa': 'Wezen',
'* eta CMa': 'Aludra',
'* ome CMa': 'Omicron2 Canis Majoris',
'* zet CMa': 'Furud',
'* bet CMi': 'Gomeisa',
'* alf Cap': 'Algedi',
'* bet Cap': 'Dabih',
'* gam Cap': 'Nashira',
'* del Cap': 'Deneb Algedi',
'* zet Cap': 'Marakk',
'* alf Car': 'α Carina or Alpha Carina, better known as Canopus, is the second brightest star in the entire<br> '
'night sky, after Sirius. Canopus is a yellow-white supergiant star, much larger and more luminous<br> '
'than our Sun, and in a later stage of its stellar evolution.<br> '
'* Distance: About 310 light-years away from Earth.<br> '
'* Mass: Estimated to be about 8.5 times the mass of the Sun.<br> '
'* Radius: Around 71 times larger than the Sun!<br> '
'* Luminosity: A whopping 10,700 times more luminous than the Sun!<br> '
'* Temperature: Around 7,350 Kelvin, giving it its yellow-white hue.',
'* bet Car': 'β Carinae or Beta Carinae, better known as Miaplacidus.<br>'
'* One of the brightest stars: Miaplacidus shines brightly in the night sky, ranking as the 28th brightest star overall.<br>'
'* Blue-white giant: It\'s a blue-white giant star of spectral type A2 III, meaning it\'s hotter, larger, and more<br>'
' massive than our Sun.<br>'
'* Evolving star: Miaplacidus has exhausted the hydrogen fuel in its core and is now fusing helium, placing it in a more<br>'
' advanced stage of its stellar life cycle.<br>'
'* Southern Hemisphere: Miaplacidus is located in the constellation Carina, the Keel.<br>'
'* Name\'s origin: The name Miaplacidus is a combination of Arabic and Latin words, roughly translating to "waters of<br>'
' placidity.',
'* eps Car': 'Avior',
'* eta Car': 'Eta Carinae',
'* iota Car': 'Aspidiske or Turais',
'* the Car': 'Vathorz Posterior',
'* ups Car': 'Upsilon Carinae',
'* ome Car': 'Omega Carinae',
'* chi Car': 'Chi Carinae',
'* alf Cas': 'Schedar',
'* bet Cas': 'Caph',
'* gam Cas': 'Cih or Navi',
'* del Cas': 'Ruchbah or Rucba',
'* eps Cas': 'Segin',
'* eta Cas': 'Eta Cassiopeiae A or Achird. It is part of a binary system. Eta Cas A is similar to the Sun.',
'* eta Cas B': 'Eta Cassiopeiae B. It orbits Eta Cas A.',
'* kap Cas': 'Kappa Cassiopeiae',
'* rho Cas': 'Rho Cassiopeiae',
'* alf Cen': 'Rigil Kentaurus or Toliman',
'* alf Cen A': 'α Centauri or Alpha Centauri A, is part of the Alpha Centauri system, the<br> '
' closest star system to the Sun. It consists of Alpha Centauri A and B, and<br> '
' Proxima Centauri. A and B orbit each other, while Proxima orbits the A-B pair.<br>'
' Alpha Centauri is the closest star system to our own, located just about 4.37<br> '
' light-years away.<br> '
' Alpha Centauri A:<br> '
'* A yellow main-sequence star very similar to our Sun in size and mass.<br> '
'* Mass: 1.1 times the mass of the Sun.<br> '
'* Radius: 1.2 times the radius of the Sun.<br> '
'* Temperature: 5,790 K.<br> '
'* Luminosity: 1.5 times the luminosity of the Sun.<br> '
' B: A slightly smaller and cooler orange main-sequence star.<br> '
' Proxima: A small, faint red dwarf star that orbits the Alpha Centauri AB pair<br> '
' at a much greater distance. Proxima is closest individual star to our Sun.<br> '
' Proxima Centauri is known to host at least two exoplanets.',
'* alf Cen B': 'α Centauri B or Alpha Centauri B.<br>'
'* Red dwarf companion to Alpha Centauri A. Alpha Centauri B is a fascinating star and a crucial component of the Alpha<br>'
' Centauri system, the closest star system to our own!<br>'
'* Closest stellar neighbor: Alpha Centauri is a triple star system located just 4.37 light-years away from Earth. It<br>'
' consists of three stars: Alpha Centauri A, Alpha Centauri B, and Proxima Centauri.<br>'
'* Binary pair: Alpha Centauri A and B form a binary pair, orbiting each other closely with a period of about 80 years.<br>'
'* Smaller and cooler than the Sun: α Centauri B is a K-type main-sequence star, which means it\'s smaller and cooler<br>'
' than our Sun. It has about 90% of the Sun\'s mass and about 50% of its luminosity.<br>'
'* Exoplanet Candidate:<br>'
' * Alpha Centauri Bc: In 2021 Bc, was detected orbiting α Centauri B. This candidate is estimated to be about six times<br>'
' the mass of Earth.',
'* bet Cen': 'Beta Centauri, or β Cen. Beta Centauri is also known by the proper name Hadar or Agena, derived from<br> '
'an Arabic word meaning "ground." It\'s actually a triple star system! The two main stars (β Cen A and β Cen B)<br> '
'orbit each other closely, and a much fainter third star (β Cen C) orbits the pair at a greater distance.<br> '
'Found in the constellation Centaurus, it\'s easily visible to the naked eye in the Southern Hemisphere.<br> '
'* Distance: About 525 light-years away.<br> '
'* The Main Stars (β Cen A and B): Both are hot, blue-white stars much larger and more massive than our Sun.<br> '
'* Luminosity: They are incredibly luminous, thousands of times brighter than the Sun.<br> '
'* Spectral type: Classified as B1 III, indicating they are giant stars that have evolved off the main sequence.<br> '
'* Young stars: Estimated to be only 10 to 20 million years old, compared to our 4.6 billion-year-old Sun.<br> '
'* Circumstellar disks: Both β Cen A and B might have disks of dust and gas orbiting them.',
'* alf Cep': 'Alderamin',
'* bet Cep': 'Alfirk',
'* gam Cep': 'Errai',
'* zet Cep': 'Zeta Cephei',
'* eta Cep': 'Eta Cephei',
'* iota Cep': 'Iota Cephei',
'* alf Cet': 'Menkar',
'* bet Cet': 'Deneb Kaitos or Diphda',
'* eta Cet': 'Deneb Algenubi',
'* tau Cet': 'Tau Ceti. It is similar to the Sun, and very stable. It has a low <br>'
'abundance of heavier elements. Tau Ceti has a system of at least four confirmed <br>'
'planets, all so-called Super Earths. Two of these planets, Tau Ceti e and f, <br>'
'orbit within the habitable zone, where liquid water is possible.',
'* iota Cet': 'Iota Ceti',
'* ome Cet': 'Mira',
'* alf Cha': 'Alpha Chamaeleontis',
'* gam Cha': 'Gamma Chamaeleontis',
'* del Cha': 'Delta Chamaeleontis',
'* alf Cir': 'Alpha Circini',
'* bet Cir': 'Beta Circini',
'* gam Cir': 'Gamma Circini',
'* alf CMa': 'α Canis Majoris or Alpha Canis Majoris, also known as Sirius, is the brightest star as<br> '
'seen from Earth. It is a binary star system, with a White Dwarf companion.<br> '
'Sirius shines with a brilliant white light that\'s easily visible even from<br> '
'light-polluted areas. It\'s a main-sequence star, meaning it\'s fusing hydrogen.<br> '
'Sirius B is a faint white dwarf companion to Sirius A. They orbit each other with<br> '
'a period of about 50 years.<br> '
'* Distance: About 8.6 light-years away from Earth, making it one of our closest<br> '
' stellar neighbors.<br>'
'* Mass: Roughly 2 times the mass of the Sun.<br> '
'* Radius: About 1.7 times the radius of the Sun.<br> '
'* Luminosity: 25 times more luminous than the Sun!<br> '
'* Temperature: Around 9,940 Kelvin, giving it its white color.<br> '
' The three stars of Orion\'s belt point downwards towards Sirius.',
'* alf CMa B': 'Alpha Canis Majoris B. It is White Dward companion to Sirius.',
'* eps CMa': 'ε Canis Majoris or Epsilon Canis Majoris, better known as Adhara.<br>'
'* Adhara is the second-brightest star in the constellation Canis Major, the Great Dog, after Sirius.<br>'
'* One of the most luminous stars: It\'s also one of the most intrinsically luminous stars visible to the naked eye. It<br>'
' shines with a luminosity roughly 25,000 times that of our Sun!<br>'
'* Blue-white giant: Adhara is a blue-white giant star of spectral type B2 II. It\'s much hotter and more massive than our Sun.<br>'
'* Binary system: Adhara is a binary star system. The main star, Adhara A, has a faint companion, Adhara B.<br>'
'* Ultraviolet radiation: Adhara is a strong source of ultraviolet radiation. In fact, it\'s the strongest ultraviolet source<br>'
' in the night sky that\'s visible to the naked eye.<br>'
'* Evolution: Adhara is an evolved star that has exhausted the hydrogen fuel in its core. It\'s expected to eventually end<br>'
' its life as a white dwarf.',
'* del CMa': 'δ Canis Majoris or Delta Canis Majori, also known as Wezen.<br>'
'* One of the brightest stars: It\'s one of the brightest stars in Canis Major and is the 35th brightest star in the<br>'
' entire night sky.<br>'
'* Yellow-white supergiant: Wezen is a yellow-white supergiant of spectral type F8 Ia. This means it\'s much hotter,<br>'
' larger, and more massive than our Sun.<br>'
'* Immense size and luminosity: Wezen has a diameter roughly 200 times that of our Sun. If it were placed in our solar<br>'
' system, its surface would extend almost to the orbit of Earth! It\'s also incredibly luminous, emitting about 50,000<br>'
' times the energy of our Sun.<br>'
'* Strong stellar winds: Like other massive stars, Wezen has powerful stellar winds that expel material into space at high speeds.<br>'
'* Evolved star: Wezen has exhausted the hydrogen fuel in its core and is now fusing helium. It''s in a relatively<br>'
' advanced stage of its stellar life cycle.<br>'
'* Short lifespan: Due to its large mass, Wezen has a relatively short lifespan compared to our Sun. It\'s expected to<br>'
' eventually end its life in a spectacular supernova explosion.<br>'
'* Distance: Wezen is located about 1,800 light-years away from Earth.',
'* eta CMa': 'Aludra',
'* sig CMa': 'Mirzam',
'* zet CMa': 'Furud',
'* ome CMa': 'Omicron2 Canis Majoris',
'* alf CMi': 'α Canis Minoris or Alpha Canis Minoris, also known as Procyon. <br> '
'* Eighth brightest star: Procyon shines brightly in our night sky, ranking as the eighth-brightest star overall.<br> '
'* Nearby neighbor: Located just 11.46 light-years away, Procyon is one of the closest stars to our solar system.<br> '
'* Binary system: Procyon is a binary star system, consisting of two stars:<br> '
' * Procyon A: The primary star is a white main-sequence star, slightly larger and hotter than our Sun.<br> '
' * Procyon B: The companion star is a faint white dwarf, the core of a star that has reached the end of its life cycle.<br> '
'* The Little Dog: Procyon is the brightest star in the constellation Canis Minor, the Little Dog.<br> '
'* Evolution: Procyon A is expected to eventually evolve into a red giant and then a white dwarf, similar to its companion<br> '
' Procyon B.',
'* bet CMi': 'Gomeisa',
'* gam CMi': 'Gamma Canis Minoris',
'* alf Cap': 'Algedi',
'* bet Cap': 'Dabih',
'* gam Cap': 'Nashira',
'* del Cap': 'Delta Capricorni (δ Cap) also known as Deneb Algedi, a star in the constellation Capricornus.<br>'
'* Multiple Star System: Delta Capricorni is actually a complex multiple star system. It consists of:<br> '
' * δ Cap A: A yellow-white giant star.<br> '
' * δ Cap B: A fainter companion that orbits δ Cap A. This companion is itself a binary star (two stars orbiting each other).<br> '
'* Variable Star: The primary star, δ Cap A, is classified as an eclipsing binary. This means that the two stars in the δ Cap B<br> '
' system periodically pass in front of each other from our perspective, causing slight dips in the overall brightness of the<br> '
' system.<br> '
'* Visibility: Delta Capricorni is visible to the naked eye, but it\'s not particularly bright. It has an apparent magnitude<br> '
' of around +2.85. It\'s best seen from the Southern Hemisphere during the summer months.',
'* zet Cap': 'Marakk',
'* alf Car': 'Canopus',
'* bet Car': 'Miaplacidus',
'* eps Car': 'Avior',
'* eta Car': 'Eta Carinae',
'* iota Car': 'Aspidiske or Turais',
'* the Car': 'Vathorz Posterior',
'* ups Car': 'Upsilon Carinae',
'* ome Car': 'Omega Carinae',
'* chi Car': 'Chi Carinae',
'* alf CrA': 'Alpha Coronae Australis',
'* bet CrA': 'Beta Coronae Australis',
'* alf CrB': 'Alphecca or Gemma.',
'* bet CrB': 'Beta Coronae Borealis',
'* gam CrB': 'Gamma Coronae Borealis',
'* alf Crv': 'Alchiba or Al Chiba',
'* bet Crv': 'Beta Corvi',
'* gam Crv': 'Gienah Gurab or Gamma Corvi',
'* del Crv': 'Algorab or Delta Corvi',
'* eps Crv': 'Epsilon Corvi',
'* alf Crt': 'Alpha Crateris',
'* bet Crt': 'Beta Crateris or Alkes',
'* alf Cru': 'Acrux',
'* bet Cru': 'β Crucis or Beta Crucis, more commonly known as Mimosa or Becrux.<br>'
'* 20th brightest star: Mimosa shines brilliantly, ranking as the 20th brightest star in the entire night sky.<br> '
'* Blue giant: It\'s a blue giant star of spectral type B0.5 III, meaning it\'s much hotter, larger, and more massive than our Sun.<br>'
'* Part of a system: Mimosa is actually a binary star system, or possibly even a triple system. The main star, Mimosa A, has a<br>'
' close companion, Mimosa B, which is itself a spectroscopic binary, two stars orbiting each other so closely they can\'t be<br>'
' visually separated).<br>'
'* Southern Cross: Mimosa is the second-brightest star in the constellation Crux, the Southern Cross.<br>'
'* Variable star: Mimosa is a Beta Cephei variable star, meaning its brightness fluctuates slightly over a period of a few hours.<br>'
' This is due to pulsations in its atmosphere.<br>'
'* Stellar winds: Like other massive stars, Mimosa has powerful stellar winds that expel material into space.<br>'
'* Navigation: In the past, Mimosa and the other stars of the Southern Cross were important for navigation in the Southern<br>'
' Hemisphere.',
'* gam Cru': 'Gam Cru, or Gamma Crux, is more commonly known as Gacrux, holds a special place <br>'
'in the Southern Hemisphere sky! It\'s the third-brightest star in the constellation Crux, which <br>'
'is better known as the Southern Cross. Gacrux is a red giant star, meaning it\'s in a later <br>'
'stage of its stellar evolution, similar to Aldebaran. Distance: Approximately 88 light-years <br>'
'away from Earth. Mass: Estimated to be about 3 times the mass of the Sun. Radius: A whopping <br>'
'113 times larger than the Sun! This makes it a truly enormous star. Luminosity: About 1,500 <br>'
'times more luminous than our Sun, including infrared radiation, making it a very bright star <br>'
'in the sky. Temperature: Around 3,400 Kelvin, which is cooler than our Sun and gives it its <br>'
'reddish appearance. Historically, the Southern Cross, including Gacrux, has been crucial for <br>'
'navigation in the Southern Hemisphere, as it points towards the south celestial pole. Gacrux is <br>'
'the nearest red giant star to our Sun, making it an interesting object of study for astronomers. <br>'
'Gacrux might have a faint companion star, though this is still uncertain. It\'s classified as a <br>'
'semi-regular variable star, meaning its brightness changes slightly over time.',
'* del Cru': 'Delta Crucis',
'* eps Cru': 'Epsilon Crucis',
'* zet Cru': 'Zeta Crucis',
'* eta Cru': 'Eta Crucis',
'* the1 Cru': 'Theta1 Crucis',
'* lam Cru': 'Lambda Crucis',
'* mu1 Cru': 'Mu1 Crucis',
'* mu2 Cru': 'Mu2 Crucis',
'* alf Cyg': 'α Cygnus or Alpha Cygnus, also known as Deneb or Arided.<br> '
'* One of the most luminous stars: Deneb is a blue-white supergiant, one of the most luminous stars known in the Milky Way<br> '
' galaxy. It\'s estimated to be at least 50,000 times more luminous than our Sun.<br> '
'* Immense size: Though its exact size is also subject to some uncertainty due to its distance, Deneb is thought to have a<br> '
' diameter roughly 200 times that of our Sun. If placed in our solar system, its surface would extend nearly to the orbit<br> '
' of Earth!<br> '
'* Hot and massive: Deneb is a hot star with a surface temperature of about 8,500 Kelvin. It\'s also incredibly massive,<br> '
' estimated to be around 20 times the mass of our Sun.<br> '
'* 19th brightest star: It\'s the 19th brightest star in the entire night sky, making it a standout even in light-polluted<br> '
' areas.<br> '
'* Distance uncertainty: Deneb\'s exact distance is somewhat uncertain. Estimates range from about 1,400 to 3,200 light-years.<br> '
'* Future evolution: Deneb is expected to eventually end its life in a spectacular supernova explosion, possibly leaving<br> '
' behind a neutron star or a black hole.<br> '
'* Cygnus the Swan: Deneb is the brightest star in the constellation Cygnus.',
'* gam Cyg': 'Sadr',
'* eps Cyg': 'Gienah',
'* del Cyg': 'Fawaris or Delta Cygni',
'* zet Cyg': 'Zeta Cygni',
'* eta Cyg': 'Aladfar',
'* the Cyg': 'Theta Cygni',
'* iota Cyg': 'Iota Cygni',
'* kap Cyg': 'Kappa Cygni',
'* lam Cyg': 'Lambda Cygni',
'* 61 Cyg': '61 Cygni',
'* pi1 Cyg': 'Azelfafage',
'* alf Del': 'Sualocin or Alpha Delphini',
'* bet Del': 'Rotanev or Beta Delphini',
'* gam Del': 'Gamma Delphini',
'* del Del': 'Delta Delphini',
'* eps Del': 'Epsilon Delphini or Aldulfin',
'* alf Dor': 'Alpha Doradus',
'* bet Dor': 'Beta Doradus',
'* gam Dor': 'Gamma Doradus',
'* alf Dra': 'Thuban',
'* gam Dra': 'Eltanin or Etamin',
'* eta Dra': 'Athebyne or Aldhibain',
'* nu Dra': 'Kuma',
'* xi Dra': 'Grumium',
'* sig Dra': 'Sigma Draconis, also known as Alsafi. Sigma Draconis hosts at least <br>'
'one known exoplanet, a gas giant with a mass about 11 times that of Jupiter. <br>'
'This planet orbits the star at a distance greater than the orbit of Mars.',
'* alf Equ': 'Kitalpha or Alpha Equulei',
'* del Equ': 'Delta Equulei',
'* gam Equ': 'Gamma Equulei',
'* alf Eri': 'α Eridani, or Alpha Eridani, often shortened to α Eri, and more famously known as Achernar! Its name comes from<br> '
' an Arabic phrase meaning "the end of the river," <br> '
'* A Rapidly Rotating Giant: Achernar is notable for its extremely rapid rotation. It spins so fast that it\'s<br> '
' significantly flattened at its poles and bulges at the equator, more like a lentil than a sphere.<br> '
'* Hot and blue: It\'s a hot, blue main-sequence star of spectral type B3. This means it\'s much hotter and more<br> '
' massive than our Sun.<br> '
'* Brightness: Achernar shines brightly with an apparent magnitude of 0.46, making it the ninth-brightest star.<br> '
'* Distance: Achernar is relatively close to us, at a distance of about 144 light-years.<br> '
'* Stellar winds: Like other hot, massive stars, Achernar has powerful stellar winds that eject material into space.<br> '
'* Circumstellar disk: Observations suggest that Achernar might have a disk of gas and dust orbiting it, possibly<br> '
' a remnant of its formation or a sign of a potential planetary system.<br> '
'* Evolution: Achernar is still on the main sequence, fusing hydrogen in its core. However, due to its high mass,<br> '
' it will have a shorter lifespan than our Sun and eventually evolve into a giant star.',
'* bet Eri': 'Cursa',
'* gam Eri': 'Zaurak',
'* del Eri': 'Rana',
'* eps Eri': 'Epsilon Eridani also known as 18 Eridani. It is a young star less <br>'
'than one billion years old, compared to our 4.6 billion year-old Sun! It has <br>'
'frequent flares. Epsilon is <br>'
'surrounded by a dusty debris disk, which could contain comets, asteroid and planets. <br>'
'Epsilon has one confirmed planet Epsilon Eridani b, a gas giant, slightly larger <br>'
'than Jupiter, and there is evidence of a second planet.',
'* zet Eri': 'Zibal',
'* eta Eri': 'Azha',
'* the Eri': 'Acamar',
'* 40 Eri': '40 Eridani',
'* e Eri': 'Also known as 82 Eridani.',
'* omi02 Eri': 'ο² Eridani A, also known as Keid. It is a K1V-type main-<br>'
'sequence star (specifically K1V). it has a radius about 85 percent of the <br>'
'Sun and a mass around 82 percent of the Sun. ο² Eri A is in the triple star <br>'
'ο² Eridani. It is estimated to be around 5.7 billion years old. Unlike its <br>'
'White Dwarf companion (B) and Red Dwarf companion (C), ο² Eri A does not <br>'
'exhibit dramatic flares or significant variability. As a K-type main-sequence <br>'
'star, it has a longer lifespan than our Sun. It will continue fusing hydrogen <br>'
'in its core for many billions of years. ο² Eri A was featured as the location <br>'
'of the fictional planet Vulcan in the Star Trek universe.',
'* omi02 Eri B': 'Omicron2 Eridani B, is a fascinating component of a <br>'
'triple star system. It is a white dwarf, the remnant core of a star that <br>'
'has exhausted its nuclear fuel. It is a White Dwarf (specifically, a DA <br>'
'type, indicating a hydrogen-rich atmosphere. Even though a white dwarf <br>'
'has fused most of its hydrogen, the "hydrogen-rich atmosphere" is a <br>'
'result of gravitational settling and represents a thin outer layer. <br>'
'ο² Eri B is very small. It has about 68% the mass of our Sun, packed <br>'
'into that an Earth-sized volume! This makes it incredibly dense. It is <br>'
'very faint, shining primarily due to stored heat rather than ongoing <br>'
'fusion. It is part of the triple star system ο² Eridani. It is estimated <br>'
'to be around 4 billion years old. ο² Eri A, the primary star in the <br>'
'system, a K-type main-sequence star, is slightly smaller and cooler than <br>'
'our Sun. ο² Eri C is a red dwarf star, much smaller and cooler than both <br>'
'A and B. ο² Eri B and C form a close binary pair that orbits around the <br>'
'primary star A at a considerable distance.',
'* lam Eri': 'Lambda Eridani',
'* alf For': 'Alpha Fornacis',
'* bet For': 'Beta Fornacis',
'* nu For': 'Nu Fornacis',
'* alf Gem': 'α Gem or alpha Gemini, better known as Castor.<br>'
'* Gemini\'s Head: Castor marks the head of one of the twins in the constellation Gemini.<br>'
'* Sextuple star system: While it appears as a single star to the naked eye, Castor is actually a system of six stars!<br>'
' It consists of three binary pairs that orbit each other.<br>'
' * Castor A and B: Two bright, hot, main-sequence stars that orbit each other closely.<br>'
' * Castor C: A fainter pair of red dwarf stars that orbit the A-B pair at a greater distance.<br>'
' * Castor Aa and Ab: Each of the stars in Castor A and B is itself a spectroscopic binary, meaning they have close<br>'
' companions that can\'t be visually separated but are detected through their spectra.<br>'
'* Diverse stars: The Castor system contains a variety of stars, from hot, main-sequence stars to cooler red dwarfs.<br>'
'* Eclipsing binaries: Both Castor A and Castor B are eclipsing binary systems, meaning that the stars in each pair<br>'
' periodically pass in front of each other from our perspective, causing slight dips in their brightness.<br>'
'* Gravitational dance: The complex gravitational interactions between the six stars make Castor a dynamic system<br>'
'* Brightness: Castor is the second-brightest star in Gemini, after Pollux.<br>'
'* Distance: Castor is located about 51 light-years away from Earth.<br>'
'* Near Pollux: It\'s located near its "twin" star, Pollux, which is slightly brighter and has a more orange hue.',
'* bet Gem': 'β Geminorum or Beta Geminorum, better known as Pollux. <br> '
'* Orange giant: Pollux is an evolved star that has moved off the main sequence and expanded into an orange giant. It\'s<br> '
' about twice as massive as our Sun and has a diameter roughly nine times larger.<br> '
'* Cooler than the Sun: Pollux is cooler than our Sun, with a surface temperature of about 4,865 Kelvin. This gives it a<br> '
' distinctive orange hue.<br> '
'* 17th brightest star: Pollux shines brightly, ranking as the 17th brightest star in the entire night sky.<br> '
'* Exoplanet Host: In 2006, astronomers discovered an exoplanet orbiting Pollux. This planet, designated Pollux b (or β<br> '
' Geminorum b), is a gas giant with a mass at least 2.3 times that of Jupiter. It orbits Pollux at a distance of about 1.64<br> '
' astronomical units (AU), taking approximately 590 days to complete one orbit.<br> '
'* Future evolution: Pollux will eventually exhaust its nuclear fuel and shed its outer layers, leaving behind a white dwarf',
'* gam Gem': 'Alhena',
'* del Gem': 'Wasat',
'* eps Gem': 'Mebsuta',
'* zet Gem': 'Mekbuda',
'* eta Gem': 'Propus',
'* mu Gem': 'Tejat Posterior',
'* nu Gem': 'Nu Geminorum',
'* xi Gem': 'Alzirr',
'* alf Gru': 'Alnair or Alpha Gruis',
'* bet Gru': 'Beta Gruis',
'* gam Gru': 'Al Dhanab',
'* alf Her': 'Rasalgethi or Ras Algethi',
'* bet Her': 'Kornephoros',
'* zet Her': 'Zeta Herculis',
'* lam Her': 'Maasym',
'* mu Her': 'Mu Herculis',
'* pi Her': 'Pi Herculis',
'* 109 Her': '109 Herculis',
'* alf Hor': 'Alpha Horologii',
'* alf Hya': 'Alphard or Alpha Hydrae',
'* gam Hya': 'Gamma Hydrae',
'* zet Hya': 'Zeta Hydrae',
'* nu Hya': 'Nu Hydrae',
'* alf Hyi': 'Alpha Hydri',
'* bet Hyi': 'Beta Hydri',
'* gam Hyi': 'Gamma Hydri',
'* alf Ind': 'Alpha Indi or The Persian',
'* bet Ind': 'Beta Indi',
'* eps Ind': 'Also known as Epsilon Indi. Epsilon Indi is actually a triple <br>'
'star system, consisting of: ε Indi A, the main, K-type main-sequence star. <br>'
'ε Indi Ba and Bb are a binary pair of brown dwarfs orbiting ε Indi A at a <br>'
'considerable distance. Brown dwarfs are "failed stars" that are not massive <br>'
'enough to sustain hydrogen fusion in their cores. ε Indi B (Ba and Bb) are <br>'
'approximately 69 and 49 times the mass of Jupiter, respectively with an <br>'
'orbital period around ε Indi A estimated to be tens of thousands of years.',
'* alf Lac': 'Alpha Lacertae',
'* bet Lac': 'Beta Lacertae',
'* alf Leo': 'α Leo or Alpha Leo, is more formally known as Regulus or Cor Leonis, and it\'s the brightest star in the constellation <br>'
'Leo the Lion. Regulus is a quadruple star system, with four stars orbiting each other: Regulus A: The main component <br>'
'and the one we see as the bright "star." It\'s a blue-white main-sequence star, much hotter and larger than our Sun. <br>'
'Regulus B: A faint white dwarf companion to Regulus A. They orbit each other very closely. Regulus C and D: A pair of <br>'
'fainter stars that orbit much farther away from Regulus A and B. Properties of Regulus A: Distance: About 79 light-years <br>'
'from Earth. Mass: Roughly 3.5 times the mass of the Sun. Radius: About 3.1 times the radius of the Sun. Luminosity: A <br>'
'whopping 140 times more luminous than the Sun! Temperature: Around 12,500 Kelvin, making it much hotter than our Sun. <br>'
'Rotation: Regulus A spins incredibly fast, completing a rotation in just 15.9 hours! This rapid rotation causes it to <br>'
'have an oblate shape (flattened at the poles and bulging at the equator).',
'* gam Leo': 'Algieba',
'* del Leo': 'Zosma',
'* eps Leo': 'Algenubi or Ras Elased Australis',
'* zet Leo': 'Adhafera',
'* eta Leo': 'Al Jabbah',
'* the Leo': 'Chertan or Coxa',
'* iota Leo': 'Iota Leonis',
'* kap Leo': 'Al Minliar al Asad',
'* lam Leo': 'Alterf',
'* mu Leo': 'Rasalas',
'* ome Leo': 'Subra',
'* 83 Leo': '83 Leonis',
'* AD Leo': 'AD Leonis also known as Gliese 388. It is a Red dwarf star. <br>'
'AD Leonis is known for its dramatic and unpredictable flares, where it <br>'
'suddenly releases enormous amounts of energy, causing a temporary increase <br>'
'in brightness. These flares are thought to be driven by magnetic activity <br>'
'on the surface. AD Leonis spins much faster than our Sun, completing a <br>'
'rotation in about 2.7 days. This rapid rotation contributes to its strong <br>'
'magnetic fields and frequent flaring activity. AD Leonis is relatively young, <br>'
'estimated to be a few hundred million years old.',
'* alf Lep': 'Arneb',
'* bet Lep': 'Nihal',
'* eps Lep': 'Epsilon Leporis',
'* mu Lep': 'Mu Leporis',
'* alf Lib': 'Zubenelgenubi',
'* bet Lib': 'Zubeneschamali',
'* gam Lib': 'Zubenelakrab',
'* sig Lib': 'Brachium',
'* ups Lib': 'Upsilon Librae',
'* alf Lup': 'Alpha Lupi',
'* bet Lup': 'Beta Lupi',
'* gam Lup': 'Gamma Lupi',
'* del Lup': 'Delta Lupi',
'* eps Lup': 'Epsilon Lupi',
'* zet Lup': 'Zeta Lupi',
'* eta Lup': 'Eta Lupi',
'* the Lup': 'Theta Lupi',
'* iota Lup': 'Iota Lupi',
'* kap Lup': 'Kappa Lupi',
'* lam Lup': 'Lambda Lupi',
'* mu Lup': 'Mu Lupi',
'* nu Lup': 'Nu Lupi',
'* xi Lup': 'Xi Lupi',
'* ome Lup': 'Omega Lupi',
'* pi Lup': 'Pi Lupi',
'* sig Lup': 'Sigma Lupi',
'* tau Lup': 'Tau Lupi',
'* alf Lyn': 'Alpha Lyncis',
'* 31 Lyn': '31 Lyncis',
'* alf Lyr': 'α Lyr, Alpha Lyrae, more commonly known as Vega.<br> '
'* Fifth brightest star: Vega shines brilliantly in our night sky, ranking as the fifth-brightest star overall and the<br> '
' second-brightest in the northern celestial hemisphere.<br> '
'* Close proximity: Located a mere 25 light-years away, Vega is considered one of our closest stellar neighbors.<br> '
'* A-type star: It\'s a main-sequence star of spectral type A0V, meaning it\'s hotter and more massive than our Sun. This<br> '
' gives it a distinctive blue-white hue.<br> '
'* Rapid rotation: Vega spins rapidly, completing a rotation in about 12.5 hours. This rapid rotation causes it to bulge<br> '
' at the equator and have a slightly flattened shape.<br> '
'* Dust disk: Vega is surrounded by a disk of dust, likely debris from collisions of planetesimals.<br> '
'* Possible variability: There\'s some evidence that Vega might be a slightly variable star, with subtle changes in<br> '
' brightness over time.',
'* bet Lyr': 'Sheliak',
'* gam Lyr': 'Sulafat',
'* del1 Lyr': 'Delta1 Lyrae',
'* del2 Lyr': 'Delta2 Lyrae',
'* zet1 Lyr': 'Zeta1 Lyrae',
'* zet2 Lyr': 'Zeta2 Lyrae',
'* eps1 Lyr': 'Epsilon1 Lyrae',
'* eps2 Lyr': 'Epsilon2 Lyrae',
'* eta Lyr': 'Eta Lyrae',
'* the Lyr': 'Theta Lyrae',
'* 12 Lyr': '12 Lyrae',
'* RR Lyr': 'RR Lyrae',
'* alf Mic': 'Alpha Microscopii',
'* gam Mic': 'Gamma Microscopii',
'* eps Mic': 'Epsilon Microscopii',
'* alf Mon': 'Alpha Monocerotis',
'* gam Mon': 'Gamma Monocerotis',
'* del Mon': 'Delta Monocerotis',
'* zet Mon': 'Zeta Monocerotis',
'* 13 Mon': '13 Monocerotis',
'* 18 Mon': '18 Monocerotis',
'* 28 Mon': '28 Monocerotis',
'* alf Mus': 'Alpha Muscae',
'* bet Mus': 'Beta Muscae',
'* del Mus': 'Delta Muscae',
'* lam Mus': 'Lambda Muscae',
'* alf Nor': 'Alpha Normae',
'* gam Nor': 'Gamma Normae',
'* eps Nor': 'Epsilon Normae',
'* iota1 Nor': 'Iota1 Normae',
'* alf Oct': 'Alpha Octantis',
'* nu Oct': 'Nu Octantis',
'* alf Oph': 'Rasalhague or Alpha Ophiuchi',
'* bet Oph': 'Cebalrai or Beta Ophiuchi',
'* del Oph': 'Yed Prior or Delta Ophiuchi',
'* eps Oph': 'Yed Posterior or Epsilon Ophiuchi',
'* eta Oph': 'Sabik',
'* zet Oph': 'Zeta Ophiuchi',
'* lam Oph': 'Marfik',
'* alf Ori': 'α Ori, Alpha Orionis, better known by its captivating name Betelgeuse.<br> '
'* Immense size: Betelgeuse is classified as a red supergiant, one of the largest and most luminous stars known. If it<br> '
' were placed at the center of our solar system, its surface would extend beyond the orbit of Jupiter!<br> '
'* Cool but bright: Despite its cool surface temperature of about 3,500 Kelvin, Betelgeuse is incredibly luminous,<br> '
' radiating more than 100,000 times the energy of our Sun.<br> '
'* Advanced stage of evolution: Betelgeuse is nearing the end of its stellar life. It has exhausted most of the hydrogen<br> '
' fuel in its core and is now fusing heavier elements.<br> '
'* Semiregular variable star: Betelgeuse is known for its variability in brightness. It pulsates, expanding and contracting,<br> '
' over time, which causes its luminosity to change. In late 2019 and early 2020, Betelgeuse underwent an unusually dramatic<br> '
' dimming event, sparking speculation that it might be on the verge of a supernova explosion. However, it later recovered<br> '
' its brightness, and astronomers now believe the dimming was caused by a large dust cloud ejected from the star.<br> '
'* Supernova imminent (in astronomical terms): Betelgeuse is expected to explode as a supernova sometime in the next 100,000<br> '
' years. This event will be a spectacular sight, visible even during the day. After the supernova, Betelgeuse will likely<br> '
' leave behind a neutron star or a black hole.',
'* bet Ori': 'β Ori, Beta Orionis, better known as Rigel.<br> '
'* Massive and luminous: Rigel is a blue supergiant, a star that has evolved off the main sequence and expanded<br> '
' significantly. It\'s estimated to be around 17 times more massive than our Sun and a staggering 66,000 times more luminous!<br> '
'* Intense heat: With a surface temperature of about 11,000 Kelvin, it shines with a brilliant blue-white light.<br> '
'* Multiple star system: The main star, Rigel A, has a close companion, Rigel B, which is itself a binary star. There\'s<br> '
' also a fourth, more distant star in the system.<br> '
'* Orion\'s foot: Rigel marks the left foot of the constellation Orion, the Hunter.<br> '
'* Seventh brightest: It\'s the seventh brightest star in the entire night sky.<br> '
'* Variable star: Rigel is slightly variable in brightness, with fluctuations caused by pulsations in its atmosphere.<br> '
'* Stellar winds: Like other massive stars, Rigel has powerful stellar winds that expel material into space.<br> '
'* Short lifespan: Rigel is destined to have a relatively short lifespan compared to our Sun. It will likely end its life<br> '
' in a supernova explosion, possibly leaving behind a neutron star or black hole.',
'* gam Ori': 'γ Orionis or Gamma Orionis, better known as Bellatrix.<br>'
'* Orion\'s Shoulder: Bellatrix is located in the constellation Orion, marking the hunter\'s left shoulder.<br>'
'* Third brightest in Orion: It\'s the third-brightest star in Orion, after Rigel and Betelgeuse, and the 27th brightest<br>'
' star in the entire night sky.<br>'
'* Blue giant: Bellatrix is a blue giant star of spectral type B2 III. This means it\'s much hotter, larger, and more<br>'
' massive than our Sun.<br>'
'* Hot and luminous: Bellatrix has a surface temperature of about 21,500 Kelvin, giving it a brilliant blue-white hue.<br>'
' It\'s also incredibly luminous, radiating about 6,400 times the energy of our Sun.<br>'
'* Rapid rotation: Bellatrix rotates quite rapidly, which causes it to have a slightly flattened shape.<br>'
'* Evolved star: It has exhausted the hydrogen fuel in its core and is now fusing helium, putting it in a more advanced<br>'
' stage of its stellar life cycle.<br>'
'* Future evolution: Bellatrix is expected to eventually end its life as a massive white dwarf.',
'* del Ori': 'δ Ori or delta Orionis, better known as Mintaka.<br>'
'* Mintaka is a star system that marks the westernmost point of Orion\'s Belt<br>'
'* While it appears as a single star to the naked eye, Mintaka is actually a multiple star system of six or more stars!<br>'
'* Mintaka Aa1, Aa2, and Ab: The main component is itself a triple star system. Aa1 and Aa2 are two close binary stars<br>'
' that orbit each other, and Ab is a more distant companion.<br>'
'* Mintaka B, C, and D: Three additional fainter stars also belong to the system, orbiting at greater distances.<br>'
'* Eclipsing binary: The Aa1 and Aa2 components of Mintaka form an eclipsing binary system. This means that they<br>'
' periodically pass in front of each other from our perspective, causing slight dips in the overall brightness of the system.<br>'
'* Hot blue giants: The main stars in the Mintaka system are hot, blue giants of spectral type O9.5 II. They are much hotter,<br>'
' larger, and more massive than our Sun.<br>'
'* Powerful stellar winds: Like other massive stars, these stars have powerful stellar winds that expel material into space.<br>'
'* Distance: Mintaka is located about 900 light-years away from Earth.',
'* eps Ori': 'ε Orionis or Epsilon Orionis, more commonly known as Alnilam.<br>'
'* Fourth brightest in Orion: It\'s the fourth-brightest star in the constellation Orion and the 29th brightest star in the<br>'
' entire night sky.<br>'
'* Blue supergiant: Alnilam is a blue supergiant of spectral type B0 Ia. This means it\'s incredibly hot, massive, and luminous.<br>'
' It shines with a brilliant blue-white light.<br>'
'* Great distance: Alnilam is located about 2,000 light-years away from Earth.<br>'
'* Extreme luminosity: Despite its distance, it shines so brightly because it\'s incredibly luminous, emitting about 375,000<br>'
' times the energy of our Sun.<br>'
'* Strong stellar winds: Alnilam has powerful stellar winds that expel material into space at tremendous speeds.<br>'
'* Short lifespan: Like other massive stars, Alnilam has a relatively short lifespan. It\'s expected to eventually end its<br>'
' life in a spectacular supernova explosion.<br>'
'* Surrounded by nebulosity: Alnilam is surrounded by a faint reflection nebula, NGC 1990, which is illuminated by the star\'s light.',
'* zet Ori': 'ζ Orionis or Zeta Orionis, more commonly known as Alnitak.<br>'
'* Orion\'s Belt: Alnitak is one of the three stars that form Orion\'s Belt, the prominent line of stars across the<br>'
' Hunter\'s waist.'
'* Triple star system: While it appears as a single star to the naked eye, Alnitak is actually a triple star system.<br>'
' * Alnitak Aa: The primary star is a hot, blue supergiant.<br>'
' * Alnitak Ab: A close companion to the primary, this star is a blue dwarf.<br>'
' * Alnitak B: A more distant companion that orbits the primary pair.<br>'
'* Eclipsing binary?: There\'s some evidence that Alnitak Aa and Ab might form an eclipsing binary, where one star<br>'
' periodically passes in front of the other from our perspective, causing slight variations in brightness.<br>'
'* Hot blue supergiant: Alnitak Aa is a blue supergiant of spectral type O9.7 Ibe. This means it\'s incredibly hot,<br>'
' massive, and luminous.<br>'
'* Powerful stellar winds: Like other massive stars, Alnitak Aa has powerful stellar winds that expel material into space.<br>'
'* Surrounded by nebulosity: Alnitak is surrounded by the Flame Nebula (NGC 2024), a bright emission nebula that glows<br>'
' due to the ionization of its gas by the star\'s ultraviolet radiation. It\'s also close to the Horsehead Nebula, a<br>'
' famous dark nebula.<br>'
'* Easternmost in Orion\'s Belt: Alnitak is the easternmost star in Orion\'s Belt.<br>'
'* Distance: Alnitak is located about 817 light-years away from Earth.',
'* eta Ori': 'Saiph',
'* kap Ori': 'Saiph',
'* lam Ori': 'Meissa',
'* mu Ori': 'Mu Orionis',
'* xi Ori': 'Xi Orionis',
'* pi3 Ori': 'Tabit',
'* sig Ori': 'Sigma Orionis',
'* tau Ori': 'Tau Orionis',
'* iot Ori': 'ι Ori or iota Orionis, which goes by the name Hatysa.<br>'
'* Hatysa is situated within Orion\'s Sword, a prominent asterism hanging from Orion\'s Belt.<br>'
'* Multiple star system: It\'s not just one star, but a complex system containing at least four stars!<br>'
'* Hatysa A: This is the main component, and it\'s itself a triple star system!<br>'
' * Aa1 and Aa2: Two very massive, hot, and luminous stars that orbit each other closely.<br>'
' * Ab: A slightly less massive star that orbits the Aa pair.<br>'
' * Hatysa B: A more distant companion star that orbits the primary triple system.<br>'
'* O-type stars: The stars in the Hatysa A system are all O-type stars, meaning they are among the hottest, most massive,<br>'
' and most luminous stars known.<br>'
'* Powerful stellar winds: These stars have intense stellar winds, streams of charged particles that flow outward at<br>'
' incredible speeds.<br>'
'* Short lifespans: Due to their large masses, these stars have relatively short lifespans compared to our Sun. They<br>'
' are expected to eventually end their lives in spectacular supernova explosions.<br>'
'* Distance: Hatysa is located roughly 1,340 light-years away from Earth.<br>'
'* Brightness: It shines with an apparent magnitude of 2.77, making it one of the brighter members of Orion.<br>'
'* Open cluster member: Hatysa is a member of the NGC 1980 open cluster, a group of young stars that formed together<br>'
' from the same molecular cloud.<br>'
'* Location: It\'s near the Trapezium Cluster, a small group of bright stars at the heart of the Orion Nebula.',
'* 48 Ori': '48 Orionis',
'* alf Pav': 'Alpha Pavonis or Peacock',
'* bet Pav': 'Beta Pavonis',
'* del Pav': 'Delta Pavonis, a subgiant about 6.6-6.9 billion years old. <br>'
'It may have a Jupiter-size gas giant planet.',
'* eps Pav': 'Epsilon Pavonis',
'* gam Pav': 'Gamma Pavonis',
'* eta Pav': 'Eta Pavonis',
'* alf Peg': 'Markab or Alpha Pegasi',
'* bet Peg': 'Scheat',
'* gam Peg': 'Algenib',
'* eps Peg': 'Enif',
'* zet Peg': 'Homam',
'* eta Peg': 'Matar',
'* the Peg': 'Biham',
'* mu Peg': 'Sadalbari',
'* alf Per': 'Mirfak or Algenib',
'* bet Per': 'Algol',
'* gam Per': 'Algol',
'* del Per': 'Delta Persei',
'* eps Per': 'Epsilon Persei',
'* zet Per': 'Zeta Persei',
'* eta Per': 'Miram',
'* the Per': 'Theta Persei',
'* iota Per': 'Iota Persei',
'* kap Per': 'Kappa Persei',
'* lam Per': 'Lambda Persei',
'* 58 Per': '58 Persei',
'* psi Per': 'Psi Persei',
'* ome Per': 'Omega Persei',
'* alf Phe': 'Alpha Phoenicis or Ankaa',
'* bet Phe': 'Beta Phoenicis',
'* gam Phe': 'Gamma Phoenicis',
'* zet Phe': 'Zeta Phoenicis',
'* eta Phe': 'Eta Phoenicis',
'* kap Phe': 'Kappa Phoenicis',
'* alf Pic': 'Alpha Pictoris',
'* bet Pic': 'Beta Pictoris',
'* gam Pic': 'Gamma Pictoris',
'* del Pic': 'Delta Pictoris',
'* alf PsA': 'α Piscis Austrinus or Alpha Piscis Austrinus, also known as Fomalhaut.<br> '
'* Relatively young: Fomalhaut is a young star, estimated to be around 440 million years old. This is quite young compared<br> '
' to our Sun\'s 4.6 billion years.<br> '
'* Nearby and bright: Located about 25 light-years away, Fomalhaut is relatively close to our solar system and shines brightly<br> '
' in our night sky. It\'s the 18th brightest star overall.<br> '
'* Main sequence star: Fomalhaut is a main-sequence star of spectral type A3V, hotter and more massive than our Sun.<br> '
'* Circumstellar disk: One of the most remarkable features of Fomalhaut is its prominent circumstellar disk. This disk is<br> '
' composed of gas, dust, and debris, and it\'s thought to be a site of active planet formation.<br> '
'* Fomalhaut b: In 2008, astronomers announced the discovery of a planet orbiting Fomalhaut, designated Fomalhaut b. This<br> '
' exoplanet was one of the first to be directly imaged. However, subsequent observations have cast some doubt on its nature,<br> '
' and it might actually be a dust cloud or a remnant of a planetary collision.<br> '
'* Fomalhaut c: Another exoplanet, Fomalhaut c, was discovered in 2012. It\'s a much fainter object and orbits Fomalhaut at a<br> '
' greater distance than Fomalhaut b.<br> '
'* Possible asteroid belt: Observations suggest that Fomalhaut might also have an asteroid belt, similar to our solar system\'s<br> '
' asteroid belt.<br> '
'* The Southern Fish: Fomalhaut is the brightest star in the constellation Piscis Austrinus, the Southern Fish.<br> '
'* Future evolution: Fomalhaut is expected to eventually evolve into a red giant and then a white dwarf.',
'* bet PsA': 'Beta Piscis Austrini',
'* gam PsA': 'Gamma Piscis Austrini',
'* del PsA': 'Delta Piscis Austrini',
'* eps PsA': 'Epsilon Piscis Austrini',
'* alf Psc': 'Alrischa or Alpha Piscium',
'* bet Psc': 'Beta Piscium',
'* gam Psc': 'Gamma Piscium',
'* eta Psc': 'Eta Piscium',
'* ome Psc': 'Omega Piscium',
'* alf Pup': 'Alpha Puppis',
'* zet Pup': 'Zeta Puppis (ζ Pup), also known by its beautiful traditional name Naos. Shining with an apparent<br> '
'magnitude of 2.25. It\'s the brightest star in the constellation Puppis (the Stern) and one of the most luminous stars<br> '
'visible to the naked eye.<br> '
'* Massive and hot: Naos is an O-type star, meaning it\'s incredibly hot and massive.<br> '
'* It has a mass about 22.5 times that of our Sun and a surface temperature scorching at around 42,000 Kelvin!<br> '
'* This intense heat gives it a brilliant blue-white hue.<br> '
'* Runaway star: Naos is moving through space at an unusually high speed, suggesting it was once part of a binary<br> '
' system and was ejected when its companion star exploded as a supernova.<br> '
'* Strong stellar winds: Naos blasts out powerful stellar winds, streams of charged particles that flow outward at<br> '
' incredible speeds. These winds have a significant impact on its surroundings, shaping the interstellar medium.<br> '
'* Helium-rich atmosphere: It was one of the first stars identified to have a helium-rich atmosphere, a clue to its<br> '
' advanced evolutionary state.<br> '
'* Rapid rotation: Naos spins incredibly fast, with a rotational velocity estimated to be around 220 kilometers per<br> '
' second! This rapid rotation causes it to bulge at the equator.<br> '
'* Leaving the main sequence: Naos is no longer a young star. It has exhausted most of the hydrogen fuel in its core<br> '
' and is evolving away from the main sequence.<br> '
'* Uncertain future: Its ultimate fate is uncertain, but it\'s likely to end its life in a spectacular supernova<br> '
' explosion, possibly leaving behind a neutron star or black hole.',
'* pi Pup': 'Pi Puppis',
'* rho Pup': 'Rho Puppis',
'* tau Pup': 'Tau Puppis',
'* xi Pup': 'Xi Puppis',
'* alf Pyx': 'Alpha Pyxidis',
'* bet Pyx': 'Beta Pyxidis',
'* alf Ret': 'Alpha Reticuli',
'* bet Ret': 'Beta Reticuli',
'* alf Sge': 'Sham or Alpha Sagittae',
'* gam Sge': 'Gamma Sagittae',
'* del Sge': 'Delta Sagittae',
'* alf Sgr': 'Rukbat or Alpha Sagittarii',
'* eps Sgr': 'Kaus Australis',
'* zet Sgr': 'Ascella',
'* eta Sgr': 'Eta Sagittarii',
'* the Sgr': 'Theta Sagittarii',
'* iota Sgr': 'Iota Sagittarii',
'* lam Sgr': 'Kaus Borealis',
'* mu Sgr': 'Mu Sagittarii',
'* nu Sgr': 'Nu Sagittarii',
'* pi Sgr': 'Pi Sagittarii',
'* sig Sgr': 'Nunki',
'* tau Sgr': 'Tau Sagittarii',
'* phi Sgr': 'Phi Sagittarii',
'* chi Sgr': 'Chi Sagittarii',
'* psi Sgr': 'Psi Sagittarii',
'* ome Sgr': 'Omega Sagittarii',
'* alf Sco': 'α Scorpius or Alpha Scorpius, better known as Antares. It\'s a red supergiant.<br> '
'* Immense size: Antares is one of the largest known stars in the Milky Way galaxy. If it were placed at the center of our<br>'
' solar system, its surface would extend beyond the orbit of Mars!<br> '
'* Red hue and luminosity: It\'s a red supergiant, meaning it\'s relatively cool compared to other stars (about 3,400 Kelvin),<br>'
' but it\'s incredibly luminous, radiating more than 10,000 times the energy of our Sun. This gives it a distinctive reddish color.<br>'
'* Advanced stage of evolution: Antares is nearing the end of its stellar life. It has exhausted most of the hydrogen fuel in<br>'
' its core and is now fusing heavier elements.<br>'
'* Binary companion: Antares is actually a binary star system. The main star, Antares A, has a smaller, hotter companion star,<br>'
' Antares B, that orbits it.<br>'
'* Semiregular variable: Antares is a semiregular variable star, meaning its brightness fluctuates over time. These variations<br>'
' are caused by pulsations in its atmosphere.<br>'
'* 15th brightest star: It\'s the 15th brightest star in the entire night sky, making it a standout even in light-polluted areas.<br>'
'* Future supernova: Antares is expected to explode as a supernova sometime in the astronomically near future.<br>'
'* Stellar winds: Like other massive stars, Antares has powerful stellar winds that expel material into space.',
'* lam Sco': 'Lambda Scorpii (λ Scorpii), which also goes by the traditional name Shaula.<br>'
'* Blue subgiant: Shaula is a blue subgiant star of spectral type B1.5 IV. This means it\'s much hotter and more massive than<br>'
' our Sun, and it\'s in a stage of its life where it\'s starting to evolve off the main sequence.<br>'
'* Part of a system: It\'s actually a multiple star system, consisting of at least three stars. The main star, Shaula A, has<br>'
' two close companions.<br>'
'* Rapid rotation: Shaula is known for its rapid rotation. It spins so fast that it has a flattened shape, with its equatorial<br>'
' diameter being larger than its polar diameter.<br>'
'* Brightness: Shaula is the second-brightest star in Scorpius, after Antares. It\'s also one of the brightest stars in the<br>'
' night sky.<br>'
'* Variable star: It\'s classified as a Beta Cephei variable star, meaning its brightness fluctuates slightly over a period of<br>'
' a few hours. This variation is caused by pulsations in the star\'s atmosphere.<br>'
'* Stellar winds: Like other massive stars, Shaula has powerful stellar winds that expel material into space.',
'* the Sco': 'Sargas',
'* kap Sco': 'Girtab',
'* mu1 Sco': 'Xamidimura or Mu1 Scorpii',
'* xi Sco': 'Xi Scorpii',
'* pi Sco': 'Pi Scorpii',
'* sig Sco': 'Alniyat',
'* tau Sco': 'Tau Scorpii',
'* ups Sco': 'Upsilon Scorpii',
'* alf Sct': 'Alpha Scuti',
'* bet Sct': 'Beta Scuti',
'* del Sct': 'Delta Scuti',
'* eps Sct': 'Epsilon Scuti',
'* zet Sct': 'Zeta Scuti',
'* eta Sct': 'Eta Scuti',
'* alf Ser': 'Unukalhai or Alpha Serpentis',
'* bet Ser': 'Beta Serpentis',
'* gam Ser': 'Gamma Serpentis',
'* del Ser': 'Delta Serpentis',
'* eps Ser': 'Epsilon Serpentis',
'* mu Ser': 'Mu Serpentis',
'* xi Ser': 'Xi Serpentis',
'* nu Oph': 'Sinistra or Nu Ophiuchi',
'* alf Sex': 'Alpha Sextantis',
'* gam Sex': 'Gamma Sextantis',
'* 18 Sex': '18 Sextantis',
'* 27 Sex': '27 Sextantis',
'* alf Tau': 'α Taurus or Alpha Taurus, is better known as Aldebaran. <br>'
'It\'s the brightest star in the constellation Taurus (the Bull) <br>'
'and one of the easiest stars to spot. Aldebaran is an orange giant star, <br>'
'meaning it\'s in a later stage of its life compared to our Sun. Distance: About 65 light-years <br>'
'away from Earth. Mass: Estimated to be about 1.7 times the mass of the Sun. Radius: Around 44 <br>'
'times larger than the Sun! If Aldebaran were placed in our solar system, it would extend almost to <br>'
'Mercury\'s orbit. Luminosity: Over 400 times more luminous than our Sun, making it a true beacon <br>'
'in the sky. Temperature: Around 3,900 Kelvin, which is cooler than our Sun (5,778 K) and gives it <br>'
'its orange hue. Aldebaran is a multiple star system: Aldebaran A: The main component and the bright <br>'
'star we see. Aldebaran B: A much fainter red dwarf companion star orbiting at a considerable <br>'
'distance from Aldebaran A. Its distinctive orange color and brightness make Aldebaran easy to <br>'
'identify in the constellation Taurus. Aldebaran has been featured in many cultures\' mythologies <br>'
'and stories throughout history. There\'s evidence suggesting that Aldebaran A might have a planet <br>'
'orbiting it, though it hasn\'t been definitively confirmed yet. Locate the constellation Orion, <br>'
'and then follow the line of Orion\'s belt stars upward. The first bright, orange-ish star you <br>'
'encounter is Aldebaran. It marks the eye of the bull in the constellation Taurus.',
'* bet Tau': 'β Tauri or Beta Tauri, better known as Elnath.<br>'
'* Second brightest in Taurus: Elnath shines brightly, ranking as the second-brightest star in Taurus, after Aldebaran.<br>'
'* Giant star: It\'s a blue-white giant star of spectral type B7 III. This means it\'s much hotter, larger, and more<br>'
' massive than our Sun.<br>'
'* High temperature and luminosity: Elnath has a surface temperature of about 13,600 Kelvin, giving it a brilliant<br>'
' blue-white hue. It\'s also very luminous, radiating about 700 times the energy of our Sun.<br>'
'* Chemically peculiar: Elnath is classified as a "chemically peculiar star" because it has an unusual abundance of<br>'
' certain elements, like manganese, and a deficiency of others, like calcium and magnesium.<br>'
'* Evolved star: It has exhausted the hydrogen fuel in its core and is now fusing helium, putting it in a more advanced<br>'
' stage of its stellar life cycle.',
'* gam Tau': 'Hyadum I or Prima Hyadum',
'* del1 Tau': 'Hyadum II or Secunda Hyadum',
'* eps Tau': 'Ain or Oculus Borealis',
'* zet Tau': 'Zeta Tauri',
'* eta Tau': 'Alcyone',
'* the1 Tau': 'Theta1 Tauri',
'* the2 Tau': 'Theta2 Tauri',
'* iota Tau': 'Iota Tauri',
'* kap1 Tau': 'Kappa1 Tauri',
'* lam Tau': 'Lambda Tauri',
'* nu Tau': 'Nu Tauri',
'* ome Tau': 'Omega Tauri',
'* 119 Tau': '119 Tauri or Ruby Star',
'* alf Tel': 'Alpha Telescopii',
'* zet Tel': 'Zeta Telescopii',