validChessBoard.py

def isValidChessBoard(board):

    #define pieces and colors
    pieces = ['king', 'queen', 'rook', 'knight', 'bishop', 'pawn']
    
    colors = ['b', 'w']

    #Set of all chess pieces
    all_pieces = set(color+piece for piece in pieces for color in colors)

    #Define valid range for count of chess pieces by type (low, high) tuples
    valid_counts = {'king': (1, 1),
                    'queen': (0, 1),
                    'rook': (0,2),
                    'bishop': (0, 2),
                    'knight': (0, 2),
                    'pawn': (0, 8)}
    
    #Get count of pieces on the board
    piece_cnt = {}
    for v in board.values():
        if v in all_pieces:
            piece_cnt.setdefault(v, 0)
            piece_cnt[v] += 1

    #Check if there are a valid number of pieces
    for piece in all_pieces:
        cnt = piece_cnt.get(piece, 0)
        lo, hi = valid_counts[piece[1:]]
        if not lov <= cnt <= hi: # Count needs to be between lo and hi
            if lo != hi:
                print(f"There should between {lo} and {hi} {piece} but there are {cnt}")
            else:
                print(f"There should be {lo} {piece} but there are {cnt}")
            return False
    
    # Check if locations are valid
    for location in board.keys():
        row = int(location[:1])
        column = location[1:]
        if not ((1 <= row <= 8) and ('a' <= column <= "h")):
            print(f"Invalid to have {board[location]} at position {location}")

    # Check if all pieces have valid names
    for loc, piece in board.items():
        if piece:
            if not piece in all_pieces:
                print(f"{piece} is not a valid chess piece at position {loc}")
                return False

    return True