diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
index 7322ceb912b..584aaefe014 100644
--- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml
+++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ repos:
         additional_dependencies: [black==24.3.0]
 
 - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
-  rev: v0.8.6
+  rev: v0.9.4
   hooks:
   - id: ruff-format
   - id: ruff
diff --git a/conftest.py b/conftest.py
index bf8e2910305..303990a562b 100644
--- a/conftest.py
+++ b/conftest.py
@@ -156,8 +156,7 @@ def pytest_configure(config):
             # https://github.com/h5py/h5py/pull/2242
             config.addinivalue_line(
                 "filterwarnings",
-                "ignore:`product` is deprecated as of NumPy 1.25.0"
-                ":DeprecationWarning",
+                "ignore:`product` is deprecated as of NumPy 1.25.0:DeprecationWarning",
             )
 
     if PANDAS_VERSION is not None and PANDAS_VERSION >= Version("2.2.0"):
diff --git a/yt/data_objects/construction_data_containers.py b/yt/data_objects/construction_data_containers.py
index e80308047d2..6c20bdf310c 100644
--- a/yt/data_objects/construction_data_containers.py
+++ b/yt/data_objects/construction_data_containers.py
@@ -2233,7 +2233,7 @@ def _export_obj(
             fobj.write(
                 f"usemtl {omname}\n"
             )  # which material to use for this face (color)
-            fobj.write(f"f {cc} {cc+1} {cc+2}\n\n")  # vertices to color
+            fobj.write(f"f {cc} {cc + 1} {cc + 2}\n\n")  # vertices to color
             cc = cc + 3
         fmtl.close()
         fobj.close()
@@ -2612,7 +2612,7 @@ def _export_ply(
             )
         else:
             v = np.empty(self.vertices.shape[1], dtype=vs[:3])
-        line = f"element face {int(nv/3)}\n"
+        line = f"element face {int(nv / 3)}\n"
         f.write(line.encode("latin-1"))
         f.write(b"property list uchar int vertex_indices\n")
         if color_field is not None and sample_type == "face":
diff --git a/yt/data_objects/tests/test_particle_trajectories_pytest.py b/yt/data_objects/tests/test_particle_trajectories_pytest.py
index 9fa30049820..87128b8881f 100644
--- a/yt/data_objects/tests/test_particle_trajectories_pytest.py
+++ b/yt/data_objects/tests/test_particle_trajectories_pytest.py
@@ -129,9 +129,9 @@ def test_default_field_tuple(particle_trajectories_test_dataset, ptype):
     ptype = ptype if ptype else "all"  # ptype defaults to "all"
     for k in trajs.field_data.keys():
         assert isinstance(k, tuple), f"Expected key to be tuple, received {type(k)}"
-        assert (
-            k[0] == ptype
-        ), f"Default field type ({k[0]}) does not match expected ({ptype})"
+        assert k[0] == ptype, (
+            f"Default field type ({k[0]}) does not match expected ({ptype})"
+        )
         assert ("all", k[1]) in pfields, f"Unexpected field: {k[1]}"
 
 
diff --git a/yt/frontends/amrex/fields.py b/yt/frontends/amrex/fields.py
index 6354b7d65e0..c85ab603787 100644
--- a/yt/frontends/amrex/fields.py
+++ b/yt/frontends/amrex/fields.py
@@ -545,7 +545,7 @@ def _to_tex_isotope(self) -> str:
 
     def _to_tex_molecule(self) -> str:
         return "".join(
-            rf"{element}_{{{count if count>1 else ''}}}"
+            rf"{element}_{{{count if count > 1 else ''}}}"
             for element, count in self._spec
         )
 
diff --git a/yt/frontends/art/data_structures.py b/yt/frontends/art/data_structures.py
index b17c9c67821..f0038ec33cb 100644
--- a/yt/frontends/art/data_structures.py
+++ b/yt/frontends/art/data_structures.py
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ def _set_code_unit_attributes(self):
         mass = aM0 * 1.98892e33
 
         self.cosmological_simulation = True
-        setdefaultattr(self, "mass_unit", self.quan(mass, f"g*{ng ** 3}"))
+        setdefaultattr(self, "mass_unit", self.quan(mass, f"g*{ng**3}"))
         setdefaultattr(self, "length_unit", self.quan(box_proper, "Mpc"))
         setdefaultattr(self, "velocity_unit", self.quan(velocity, "cm/s"))
         setdefaultattr(self, "time_unit", self.length_unit / self.velocity_unit)
@@ -519,7 +519,7 @@ def _set_code_unit_attributes(self):
         mass = aM0 * 1.98892e33
 
         self.cosmological_simulation = True
-        self.mass_unit = self.quan(mass, f"g*{ng ** 3}")
+        self.mass_unit = self.quan(mass, f"g*{ng**3}")
         self.length_unit = self.quan(box_proper, "Mpc")
         self.velocity_unit = self.quan(velocity, "cm/s")
         self.time_unit = self.length_unit / self.velocity_unit
diff --git a/yt/frontends/athena_pp/fields.py b/yt/frontends/athena_pp/fields.py
index 5b24a60b107..5f6a7fdb4ee 100644
--- a/yt/frontends/athena_pp/fields.py
+++ b/yt/frontends/athena_pp/fields.py
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ def setup_fluid_fields(self):
         # Add velocity fields
         vel_prefix = "velocity"
         for i, comp in enumerate(self.ds.coordinates.axis_order):
-            vel_field = ("athena_pp", f"vel{i+1}")
-            mom_field = ("athena_pp", f"mom{i+1}")
+            vel_field = ("athena_pp", f"vel{i + 1}")
+            mom_field = ("athena_pp", f"mom{i + 1}")
             if vel_field in self.field_list:
                 self.add_output_field(
                     vel_field, sampling_type="cell", units="code_length/code_time"
diff --git a/yt/frontends/chimera/data_structures.py b/yt/frontends/chimera/data_structures.py
index c2806f40a78..b5ab93debda 100644
--- a/yt/frontends/chimera/data_structures.py
+++ b/yt/frontends/chimera/data_structures.py
@@ -165,9 +165,9 @@ def _detect_output_fields(self):  # Reads in the available data fields
                 for i in f["abundance"]
                 if np.shape(f["abundance"][i]) == np.shape(f["fluid"]["rho_c"])
             ]
-            e_rms = [("chimera", f"e_rms_{i+1}") for i in range(4)]
-            lumin = [("chimera", f"lumin_{i+1}") for i in range(4)]
-            num_lumin = [("chimera", f"num_lumin_{i+1}") for i in range(4)]
+            e_rms = [("chimera", f"e_rms_{i + 1}") for i in range(4)]
+            lumin = [("chimera", f"lumin_{i + 1}") for i in range(4)]
+            num_lumin = [("chimera", f"num_lumin_{i + 1}") for i in range(4)]
             a_name = [
                 ("chimera", i.decode("utf-8").strip()) for i in f["abundance"]["a_name"]
             ]
diff --git a/yt/frontends/exodus_ii/io.py b/yt/frontends/exodus_ii/io.py
index 609a881466e..c70b0278e2a 100644
--- a/yt/frontends/exodus_ii/io.py
+++ b/yt/frontends/exodus_ii/io.py
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ def _read_fluid_selection(self, chunks, selector, fields, size):
                 if fname in self.elem_fields:
                     field_ind = self.elem_fields.index(fname)
                     for g, mesh_id in zip(objs, mesh_ids, strict=True):
-                        varname = f"vals_elem_var{field_ind+1}eb{mesh_id}"
+                        varname = f"vals_elem_var{field_ind + 1}eb{mesh_id}"
                         fdata = ds.variables[varname][:]
                         data = fdata[self.ds.step, :]
                         ind += g.select(selector, data, rv[field], ind)  # caches
diff --git a/yt/frontends/fits/data_structures.py b/yt/frontends/fits/data_structures.py
index dbe3b5df6bf..b178f27822a 100644
--- a/yt/frontends/fits/data_structures.py
+++ b/yt/frontends/fits/data_structures.py
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ def _ensure_same_dims(self, hdu):
         ds = self.dataset
         conditions = [hdu.header["naxis"] != ds.primary_header["naxis"]]
         for i in range(ds.naxis):
-            nax = f"naxis{i+1}"
+            nax = f"naxis{i + 1}"
             conditions.append(hdu.header[nax] != ds.primary_header[nax])
         if np.any(conditions):
             return False
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ def _detect_output_fields(self):
                         fname += f"_{dup_field_index[fname]}"
                     for k in range(naxis4):
                         if naxis4 > 1:
-                            fname += f"_{hdu.header['CTYPE4']}_{k+1}"
+                            fname += f"_{hdu.header['CTYPE4']}_{k + 1}"
                         self._axis_map[fname] = k
                         self._file_map[fname] = fits_file
                         self._ext_map[fname] = j
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ def check_sky_coords(filename, ndim):
                 if header["naxis"] < ndim:
                     return False
                 axis_names = [
-                    header.get(f"ctype{i+1}", "") for i in range(header["naxis"])
+                    header.get(f"ctype{i + 1}", "") for i in range(header["naxis"])
                 ]
                 if len(axis_names) == 3 and axis_names.count("LINEAR") == 2:
                     return any(a[0] in spec_prefixes for a in axis_names)
@@ -500,9 +500,10 @@ def _determine_structure(self):
         self.primary_header, self.first_image = find_primary_header(self._handle)
         self.naxis = self.primary_header["naxis"]
         self.axis_names = [
-            self.primary_header.get(f"ctype{i+1}", "LINEAR") for i in range(self.naxis)
+            self.primary_header.get(f"ctype{i + 1}", "LINEAR")
+            for i in range(self.naxis)
         ]
-        self.dims = [self.primary_header[f"naxis{i+1}"] for i in range(self.naxis)]
+        self.dims = [self.primary_header[f"naxis{i + 1}"] for i in range(self.naxis)]
 
     def _determine_wcs(self):
         wcs = _astropy.pywcs.WCS(header=self.primary_header)
diff --git a/yt/frontends/gamer/data_structures.py b/yt/frontends/gamer/data_structures.py
index 729cb11e52f..745dca03ae1 100644
--- a/yt/frontends/gamer/data_structures.py
+++ b/yt/frontends/gamer/data_structures.py
@@ -151,8 +151,7 @@ def _validate_parent_children_relationship(self):
             # children->parent == itself
             for c in grid.Children:
                 assert c.Parent is grid, (
-                    f"Grid {grid.id}, Children {c.id}, "
-                    f"Children->Parent {c.Parent.id}"
+                    f"Grid {grid.id}, Children {c.id}, Children->Parent {c.Parent.id}"
                 )
 
             # all refinement grids should have parent
diff --git a/yt/frontends/open_pmd/fields.py b/yt/frontends/open_pmd/fields.py
index a22cb217421..f9f13a3494c 100644
--- a/yt/frontends/open_pmd/fields.py
+++ b/yt/frontends/open_pmd/fields.py
@@ -214,8 +214,7 @@ def __init__(self, ds, field_list):
                     except KeyError:
                         if recname != "particlePatches":
                             mylog.info(
-                                "open_pmd - %s_%s does not seem to have "
-                                "unitDimension",
+                                "open_pmd - %s_%s does not seem to have unitDimension",
                                 pname,
                                 recname,
                             )
diff --git a/yt/frontends/parthenon/fields.py b/yt/frontends/parthenon/fields.py
index d8951d5ea1d..3baaa394b64 100644
--- a/yt/frontends/parthenon/fields.py
+++ b/yt/frontends/parthenon/fields.py
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def setup_fluid_fields(self):
         for i, comp in enumerate(self.ds.coordinates.axis_order):
             # Support both current and legacy scheme
             for mom_field_name in ["MomentumDensity", "cons_momentum_density_"]:
-                mom_field = ("parthenon", f"{mom_field_name}{i+1}")
+                mom_field = ("parthenon", f"{mom_field_name}{i + 1}")
                 if mom_field in self.field_list:
                     self.add_field(
                         ("gas", f"velocity_{comp}"),
diff --git a/yt/frontends/ramses/tests/test_file_sanitizer.py b/yt/frontends/ramses/tests/test_file_sanitizer.py
index af27d042afe..742682db415 100644
--- a/yt/frontends/ramses/tests/test_file_sanitizer.py
+++ b/yt/frontends/ramses/tests/test_file_sanitizer.py
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ def test_invalid_sanitizing(valid_path_tuples, invalid_path_tuples):
 
     for path in chain(*(pt.paths_to_try for pt in valid_path_tuples)):
         expected_error_message = re.escape(
-            f"No such file or directory '{str(path/'does_not_exist.txt')}'"
+            f"No such file or directory '{str(path / 'does_not_exist.txt')}'"
         )
         sanitizer = RAMSESFileSanitizer(path / "does_not_exist.txt")
         with pytest.raises(FileNotFoundError, match=expected_error_message):
diff --git a/yt/funcs.py b/yt/funcs.py
index edb9e666f07..5954e042d91 100644
--- a/yt/funcs.py
+++ b/yt/funcs.py
@@ -1156,7 +1156,7 @@ def validate_float(obj):
 def validate_sequence(obj):
     if obj is not None and not is_sequence(obj):
         raise TypeError(
-            "Expected an iterable object, " f"received {_full_type_name(obj)!r}"
+            f"Expected an iterable object, received {_full_type_name(obj)!r}"
         )
 
 
diff --git a/yt/loaders.py b/yt/loaders.py
index f057026f391..fa7093d8960 100644
--- a/yt/loaders.py
+++ b/yt/loaders.py
@@ -191,8 +191,7 @@ def _sanitize_axis_order_args(
     geometry_str: str
     if isinstance(geometry, tuple):
         issue_deprecation_warning(
-            f"Received a tuple as {geometry=}\n"
-            "Use the `axis_order` argument instead.",
+            f"Received a tuple as {geometry=}\nUse the `axis_order` argument instead.",
             since="4.2",
             stacklevel=4,
         )
diff --git a/yt/tests/test_load_sample.py b/yt/tests/test_load_sample.py
index f76ba4d7f87..70179521f32 100644
--- a/yt/tests/test_load_sample.py
+++ b/yt/tests/test_load_sample.py
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ def test_load_sample_small_dataset(
 
     text = textwrap.dedent(
         f"""
-            '{fn.replace('/', os.path.sep)}' is not available locally. Looking up online.
+            '{fn.replace("/", os.path.sep)}' is not available locally. Looking up online.
             Downloading from https://yt-project.org/data/{archive}
             Untaring downloaded file to '{str(tmp_data_dir)}'
         """
diff --git a/yt/visualization/_handlers.py b/yt/visualization/_handlers.py
index b1e72fef1d0..46ee88cdbbb 100644
--- a/yt/visualization/_handlers.py
+++ b/yt/visualization/_handlers.py
@@ -240,8 +240,7 @@ def get_dynamic_range(
             return dvmax / self.dynamic_range, dvmax
         else:
             raise TypeError(
-                "Cannot set dynamic range with both "
-                "vmin and vmax already constrained."
+                "Cannot set dynamic range with both vmin and vmax already constrained."
             )
 
     @property
diff --git a/yt/visualization/plot_container.py b/yt/visualization/plot_container.py
index bf833aa50ac..91f49d3234b 100644
--- a/yt/visualization/plot_container.py
+++ b/yt/visualization/plot_container.py
@@ -351,8 +351,7 @@ def _switch_ds(self, new_ds, data_source=None):
         if data_source is not None:
             if name != "proj":
                 raise RuntimeError(
-                    "The data_source keyword argument "
-                    "is only defined for projections."
+                    "The data_source keyword argument is only defined for projections."
                 )
             kwargs["data_source"] = data_source
 
diff --git a/yt/visualization/volume_rendering/lens.py b/yt/visualization/volume_rendering/lens.py
index 7335cebe348..206dd25e24b 100644
--- a/yt/visualization/volume_rendering/lens.py
+++ b/yt/visualization/volume_rendering/lens.py
@@ -138,9 +138,7 @@ def project_to_plane(self, camera, pos, res=None):
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return (
-            "<Lens Object>:\n"
-            "\tlens_type:plane-parallel\n"
-            f"\tviewpoint:{self.viewpoint}"
+            f"<Lens Object>:\n\tlens_type:plane-parallel\n\tviewpoint:{self.viewpoint}"
         )