Fix installing setup dependencies for bundled installer on newer versions of pip

[ashovlin]

Issue #, if available: CLI-6153

Don't think we have a GitHub issue, but this has been reported on a few Q&A sites:

1. https://askubuntu.com/questions/1513592/installing-aws-cli-v1-on-ubuntu-24-does-not-work-but-works-fine-on-ubuntu-22
2. https://stackoverflow.com/questions/77658049/getting-pip-error-while-installing-aws-cli

Description of changes:

1. When installing the CLI V1 via the bundled installer, we use the --find-links file://{local path} syntax to install the packages from the bundle, rather than PyPI. At some point (not apparent from pip's changelog, still trying to pinpoint), this started throwing ValueError: non-local file URIs are not supported on this platform: 'file://..
   • To address this, I removed the file:// syntax since --find-links can accept local paths (see example 10 on pip install docs).
2. When testing this on 3.12, installing the bundle fails with ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'setuptools' since it's no longer included by default.
   • To address this, I added setuptools to our BUILDTIME_DEPS that we install first.
   • I struggled to install setuptools from sdist, which looks like it needs to bootstrap itself. I switched to wheels to alleviate this, though just for the BUILDTIME_DEPS to start. Refresh bundled installer to work with modern pip/venv #4756 alluded to this as future work.
3. I also pinned urllib3 for the bundled installer to a version before 2.0.0 (where they started requiring hatchling). We previously pinned colorama for a similar reason.

Testing

Added new GitHub action to test making the bundle and installing it across our usual Python version + OS matrix.

I'll manually test a dry-run through the internal build system.

By submitting this pull request, I confirm that you can use, modify, copy, and redistribute this contribution, under the terms of your choice.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 93.39%. Comparing base (5f07db1) to head (0408ebe).
Report is 87 commits behind head on develop.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff            @@
##           develop    #9420   +/-   ##
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  Coverage    93.39%   93.39%           
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  Files          210      210           
  Lines        16983    16993   +10     
========================================
+ Hits         15861    15871   +10     
  Misses        1122     1122           

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[aemous]

Looks good. I left a couple comments/questions.

[aemous]

LGTM

[hssyoo]

LGTM 🏆

[hssyoo]

non-blocking: I don't think it's required that the wheels are universal, only that wheels are available for the platform the user is installing AWS CLI on. It doesn't look like this will be an issue anytime soon and if it is, it'll be caught the by CI so I'm fine with this.