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update version, fix bugs
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@kaplan2539
kaplan2539 committed Nov 24, 2024
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107 changes: 59 additions & 48 deletions book/src/warmup.md
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
# Warmup: Boot the latest Linux LTS

In this warm-up exercise were going to show that C.H.I.P is not dead: We are
booting into the latest Linux LTS release (6.1.62 at the time of writing).
booting into the latest Linux LTS release (6.6.63 at the time of writing).

## Hardware

Expand All @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ sudo bash -c '\

Let us add the current user to the `dialout` group in order to run the `cu`
without being a super-user:
```shell
```shell,ignore
sudo adduser $USER dialout
```
For the change to take effect we need to logout and login again.
Expand All @@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ USB port of your computer.
![C.H.I.P. connected in FEL mode](chip_fel_connected.png)

Then type:
```shell
```shell,ignore
sunxi-fel ver
```

Expand All @@ -61,24 +61,31 @@ ERROR: Allwinner USB FEL device not found!

## U-BOOT

At the time of writing, the latest U-Boot release was v2023.10.
Download & unpack:
We won't directly boot into Linux.
We are going to have the U-Boot bootloader do some initialization of the hardware first.
To download and unpack U-Boot type:

```shell
# Downloading U-Boot
wget https://source.denx.de/u-boot/u-boot/-/archive/v2023.10/u-boot-v2023.10.tar.bz2
# Set U-Boot version
export UBOOT_VER=2024.10

echo "# Downloading U-Boot"
wget -c -P download https://source.denx.de/u-boot/u-boot/-/archive/v${UBOOT_VER}/u-boot-v${UBOOT_VER}.tar.bz2

# Extracting U-Boot
tar xf u-boot-v2023.10.tar.bz2
echo "# Extracting U-Boot"
mkdir -p build
tar x -C build -f download/u-boot-v${UBOOT_VER}.tar.bz2
```

There's even a default config for CHIP in `u-boot-v2023.10/configs/CHIP_defconfig`!
There's even a default config for CHIP in `u-boot-v${UBOOT_VER}/configs/CHIP_defconfig`!

Now, let's build U-Boot for CHIP:

```shell
pushd build/u-boot-v${UBOOT_VER}
ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- make CHIP_defconfig
ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- make -j$(nproc)
popd
```
Some explanation: We're calling `make` and set the target architecture to `arm`
and select the `arm-linux-gnueabihf-` toolchain we installed before.
Expand All @@ -98,7 +105,7 @@ Then, open a new terminal window in which we're going to run `cu`:
cu -l /dev/ttyUSB0 -s 115200
```

Then in our original terminal window in the `u-boot-v2023.10` directory, type
Then in our original terminal window in the `build/u-boot-v${UBOOT_VER}` directory, type
```shell,ignore
sunxi-fel -v uboot u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin
```
Expand All @@ -114,31 +121,30 @@ Setting write-combine mapping for DRAM.
Setting cached mapping for BROM.
Writing back the MMU translation table.
Enabling I-cache, MMU and branch prediction... done.
Writing image "U-Boot 2023.10 for sunxi board", 557984 bytes @ 0x4A000000.
Writing image "U-Boot 2024.10 for sunxi board", 534068 bytes @ 0x4A000000.
Starting U-Boot (0x4A000000).
```

In our `cu` terminal window we are going to see something similar to:
```
Connected to /dev/ttyUSB0 (speed 115200)
U-Boot SPL 2023.10 (Nov 30 2023 - 14:27:33 +0000)
U-Boot SPL 2024.10 (Nov 24 2024 - 23:07:20 +0100)
DRAM: 512 MiB
CPU: 1008000000Hz, AXI/AHB/APB: 3/2/2
Trying to boot from FEL
U-Boot 2023.10 (Nov 30 2023 - 14:27:33 +0000) Allwinner Technology
U-Boot 2024.10 (Nov 24 2024 - 23:07:20 +0100) Allwinner Technology
CPU: Allwinner A13 (SUN5I)
Model: NextThing C.H.I.P.
DRAM: 512 MiB
Core: 58 devices, 21 uclasses, devicetree: separate
Core: 60 devices, 20 uclasses, devicetree: separate
WDT: Not starting watchdog@1c20c90
MMC: mmc@1c0f000: 0
Loading Environment from FAT... Card did not respond to voltage select! : -110
** Bad device specification mmc 0 **
Setting up a 1024x768 vga console (overscan 0x0)
Loading Environment from nowhere... OK
DDC: timeout reading EDID
DDC: timeout reading EDID
DDC: timeout reading EDID
Setting up a 720x576i composite-pal console (overscan 32x20)
In: serial,usbkbd
Out: serial,vidconsole
Err: serial,vidconsole
Expand All @@ -148,14 +154,15 @@ MAC de:ad:be:ef:00:01
HOST MAC de:ad:be:ef:00:00
RNDIS ready
eth0: usb_ether
starting USB...
Bus usb@1c14000: USB EHCI 1.00
Bus usb@1c14400: USB OHCI 1.0
scanning bus usb@1c14000 for devices... 1 USB Device(s) found
scanning bus usb@1c14400 for devices... 1 USB Device(s) found
scanning usb for storage devices... 0 Storage Device(s) found
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
=>
scanning usb for storage devices... 0 Storage Device(s) found
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
=>
```

If you're not hitting the "any" key fast enough, U-Boot is going into it's
Expand All @@ -168,31 +175,32 @@ U-Boot release which is already great.

## Linux

At the time of writing, the latest Linux LTS kernel is 6.1.62, which we
At the time of writing, the latest Linux LTS kernel is 6.6.63, which we
donwnload and extract by typing:

```shell
wget -c https://cdn.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v6.x/linux-6.1.62.tar.xz
tar xf linux-6.1.62.tar.xz
export LINUX_VER=6.6.63
wget -c -P download https://cdn.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v6.x/linux-${LINUX_VER}.tar.xz
tar x -C build -f download/linux-${LINUX_VER}.tar.xz
```

Let's try building with the `sunxi_defconfig` which can be found in
`linux-6.1.62/arch/arm/configs`:
`linux-${LINUX_VER}/arch/arm/configs`:

```shell
cd linux-6.1.62
pushd build/linux-${LINUX_VER}
ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- make sunxi_defconfig
ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- make -j$(nproc) zImage
ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- make -j$(nproc) dtbs
popd
```

OK, now let's boot into linux:

```shell,ignore
cd ..
sunxi-fel -v uboot u-boot-v2023.10/u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin \
write 0x42000000 linux-6.1.62/arch/arm/boot/zImage \
write 0x43000000 linux-6.1.62/arch/arm/boot/dts/sun5i-r8-chip.dtb
sunxi-fel -v uboot u-boot-v${UBOOT_VER}/u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin \
write 0x42000000 linux-${LINUX_VER}/arch/arm/boot/zImage \
write 0x43000000 linux-${LINUX_VER}/arch/arm/boot/dts/sun5i-r8-chip.dtb
```

In the `cu` terminal window type:
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -243,54 +251,57 @@ filesystem (rootfs). Let's build one using Busybox!

Download Busybox
```shell
wget -c -P downlad https://busybox.net/downloads/busybox-1.36.1.tar.bz2
tar x -C build -f download/busybox-1.36.1.tar.bz2
export BUSYBOX_VER=1.36.1
wget -c -P download https://busybox.net/downloads/busybox-${BUSYBOX_VER}.tar.bz2
tar x -C build -f download/busybox-${BUSYBOX_VER}.tar.bz2
```

Configure & Compile:
```shell
cd build/busybox-1.36.1
pushd build/busybox-${BUSYBOX_VER}
ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- make defconfig
sed -e 's/# CONFIG_STATIC is not set/CONFIG_STATIC=y/' -i .config
ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- make -j$(nproc)
mkdir ../rootfs
ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- make CONFIG_PREFIX=./../rootfs install
rm -rf ../rootfs
mkdir -p ../rootfs
ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabihf- make CONFIG_PREFIX=../rootfs install
popd
```

Finalize initramfs:
```shell
cat > rootfs/init << EOF
cat > build/rootfs/init << EOF
#!/bin/sh
mount -t proc none /proc
mount -t sysfs none /sys
exec /bin/sh
EOF
chmod a+x rootfs/init
chmod a+x build/rootfs/init

fakeroot -- /bin/bash -c '\
cd rootfs; \
cd build/rootfs; \
mkdir -p dev etc home mnt proc sys
for i in `seq 1 6`; do \
mknod dev/tty$i c 4 1; \
done; \
mknod dev/console c 5 1; \
find . |cpio -o -H newc |gzip >../rootfs.cpio.gz; \
'
u-boot-v2023.10/tools/mkimage -A arm -O linux -T ramdisk -C gzip -d rootfs.cpio.gz rootfs.cpio.gz.uboot
build/u-boot-v${UBOOT_VER}/tools/mkimage -A arm -O linux -T ramdisk -C gzip -d build/rootfs.cpio.gz build/rootfs.cpio.gz.uboot
```

Now that we have a root file system we can download it to CHIP's RAM and boot
into it:

```shell,ignore
sunxi-fel -v uboot u-boot-v2023.10/u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin \
write 0x42000000 linux-6.1.62/arch/arm/boot/zImage \
write 0x43000000 linux-6.1.62/arch/arm/boot/dts/sun5i-r8-chip.dtb \
write 0x43400000 rootfs.cpio.gz.uboot
sunxi-fel -v uboot build/u-boot-v${UBOOT_VER}/u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin \
write 0x42000000 build/linux-${LINUX_VER}/arch/arm/boot/zImage \
write 0x43000000 build/linux-${LINUX_VER}/arch/arm/boot/dts/allwinner/sun5i-r8-chip.dtb \
write 0x43400000 build/rootfs.cpio.gz.uboot
```

In the `cu` terminal window type:

```
=> bootz 0x42000000 0x43400000 0x43000000
```shell,ignore
bootz 0x42000000 0x43400000 0x43000000
```
1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions setup/install_packages.sh
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Expand Up @@ -23,4 +23,5 @@ apt-get -y install \
libncurses-dev \
rsync \
file \
gnutls-dev \

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