chore: Use griffe to catch breaking API changes

[edgarrmondragon]

Closes #1565

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📚 Documentation preview 📚: https://meltano-sdk--2538.org.readthedocs.build/en/2538/

[codspeed-hq]

CodSpeed Performance Report

Merging #2538 will not alter performance

_{Comparing edgarrmondragon/chore/griffe (cb456de) with main (8348456)}

Summary

✅ 6 untouched benchmarks

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 89.23%. Comparing base (33b2d4e) to head (cb456de).
Report is 148 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main    #2538   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   89.23%   89.23%           
=======================================
  Files          54       54           
  Lines        4782     4782           
  Branches      935      935           
=======================================
  Hits         4267     4267           
  Misses        359      359           
  Partials      156      156           

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