[Backend Tester] Run Vulkan tests in nightly CI

[GregoryComer]

Install Vulkan dependencies in the backend test Linux job and build ET with Vulkan support. Add Vulkan to the test matrix.

[GregoryComer]

Stack from ghstack (oldest at bottom):

• [Backend Tester] Run Core ML tests in nightly CI #13446
• -> [Backend Tester] Run Vulkan tests in nightly CI #13445
• [Backend Tester] Mark adaptive avgpool2d as an unsupported portable op #13398
• [Backend Tester] Add nightly CI job for XNNPACK #13390

[pytorch-bot]

🔗 Helpful Links

🧪 See artifacts and rendered test results at hud.pytorch.org/pr/pytorch/executorch/13445

• 📄 Preview Python docs built from this PR

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❌ 16 New Failures, 1 Cancelled Job

As of commit 8c36fd6 with merge base bc5186c ():

NEW FAILURES - The following jobs have failed:

• Build documentation / build (buck2) / Build doc (gh)
  At least one of the pre-conditions you specified did not hold
• trunk / test-huggingface-transformers-coreml (gemma3-1b|xnnpack|--quantize) / macos-job (gh)
  RuntimeError: Command bash /Users/runner/work/_temp/exec_script failed with exit code 139
• trunk / test-huggingface-transformers-coreml (olmo-1b|coreml_fp32_gpu|--quantize) / macos-job (gh)
  RuntimeError: Command bash /Users/runner/work/_temp/exec_script failed with exit code 1
• trunk / test-huggingface-transformers-coreml (qwen3-1.7b|xnnpack|--quantize) / macos-job (gh)
  RuntimeError: Command bash /Users/runner/work/_temp/exec_script failed with exit code 134
• trunk / test-huggingface-transformers-coreml (smollm2-135m|xnnpack|--quantize) / macos-job (gh)
  RuntimeError: Command bash /Users/runner/work/_temp/exec_script failed with exit code 138
• trunk / test-models-arm-zephyr (add) / linux-job (gh)
  RuntimeError: Command docker exec -t df1c3fa4438bd00e7df97c114c27aaeebe8ae889a62e4013fd6d2b872a0eb7ae /exec failed with exit code 1
• trunk / test-models-arm-zephyr (mv2) / linux-job (gh)
  RuntimeError: Command docker exec -t 72fde08cf63aaad80dce15e4eb4a79c7dc08fe7ab241895b6b37f0e12839010a /exec failed with exit code 1
• trunk / test-models-arm-zephyr (softmax) / linux-job (gh)
  RuntimeError: Command docker exec -t 9bd2bf6f49cc017ddf0693efbd1f7a725233ebff9a117ac999667c099e0676cf /exec failed with exit code 1
• trunk / test-models-macos-coreml (dl3) / macos-job (gh)
  RuntimeError: Command bash /Users/ec2-user/runner/_work/_temp/exec_script failed with exit code 134
• trunk / test-models-macos-coreml (efficient_sam) / macos-job (gh)
  RuntimeError: Command bash /Users/ec2-user/runner/_work/_temp/exec_script failed with exit code 134
• trunk / test-models-macos-coreml (emformer_transcribe) / macos-job (gh)
  RuntimeError: Command bash /Users/ec2-user/runner/_work/_temp/exec_script failed with exit code 134
• trunk / test-models-macos-coreml (mv3) / macos-job (gh)
  RuntimeError: Command bash /Users/ec2-user/runner/_work/_temp/exec_script failed with exit code 134
• trunk / test-models-macos-coreml (vit) / macos-job (gh)
  RuntimeError: Command bash /Users/ec2-user/runner/_work/_temp/exec_script failed with exit code 134
• trunk / test-models-macos-cpu (ic4, xnnpack-quantization-delegation) / macos-job (gh)
  RuntimeError: Command bash /Users/ec2-user/runner/_work/_temp/exec_script failed with exit code 134
• trunk / test-models-macos-cpu (resnet50, xnnpack-quantization-delegation) / macos-job (gh)
  RuntimeError: Command bash /Users/ec2-user/runner/_work/_temp/exec_script failed with exit code 134
• trunk / test-selective-build-macos (cmake) / macos-job (gh)
  RuntimeError: Command bash /Users/ec2-user/runner/_work/_temp/exec_script failed with exit code 134

CANCELLED JOB - The following job was cancelled. Please retry:

• trunk / test-huggingface-transformers-coreml (llama3.2-1b|xnnpack|--quantize) / macos-job (gh)
  ##[error]The operation was canceled.

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