feat: Give users the option to log Python warnings

[edgarrmondragon]

This came up during Office Hours on 2022-12-21. Tap developers are only seeing the get_next_page_token deprecation warning in CI, which is not terrible, but it'd be nice if a warning was also logged during the tap execution.

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📚 Documentation preview 📚: https://meltano-sdk--1294.org.readthedocs.build/en/1294/

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #1294 (babdc83) into main (3fcac26) will increase coverage by 0.05%.
The diff coverage is 100.00%.

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #1294      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   85.19%   85.25%   +0.05%     
==========================================
  Files          54       57       +3     
  Lines        4722     4740      +18     
  Branches      803      803              
==========================================
+ Hits         4023     4041      +18     
  Misses        507      507              
  Partials      192      192              

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
singer_sdk/cli/__init__.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
singer_sdk/cli/command.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
singer_sdk/cli/common_options.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
singer_sdk/mapper_base.py	56.89% <100.00%> (ø)
singer_sdk/streams/rest.py	86.66% <100.00%> (+0.24%)	⬆️
singer_sdk/tap_base.py	68.66% <100.00%> (ø)
singer_sdk/target_base.py	86.95% <100.00%> (ø)
singer_sdk/utils/deprecation.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)

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[stale]

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[edgarrmondragon]

superseded by #768